{"id":945,"date":"2026-06-11T07:27:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-11T07:27:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/?p=945"},"modified":"2026-06-11T07:27:00","modified_gmt":"2026-06-11T07:27:00","slug":"rock-crusher-for-asparagus-farm-plantation-preparation-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/rock-crusher-for-asparagus-farm-plantation-preparation-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Ku\u015fkonmaz Tarlas\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in Kaya K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u2014 Tarla Haz\u0131rl\u0131k K\u0131lavuzu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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25 ya\u015f\u0131nda<\/div>\n
Ta\u00e7, \u00fcretken ya\u015fam<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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3 y\u0131l<\/div>\n
\u0130lk hasad\u0131 bekleyin<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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20\u201325 cm<\/div>\n
Kritik kron derinli\u011fi \u2014 ta\u015fs\u0131z olmas\u0131 gerekiyor<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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ta\u00e7 b\u00f6lgesindeki ta\u015f<\/div>\n
= 25 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00f6l\u00fc nokta<\/div>\n
kal\u0131c\u0131 \u2014 iyile\u015fmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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KU\u015eKONMAZ UYGULAMASI<\/span>
\nBirle\u015fik Krall\u0131k \u00b7 Almanya \u00b7 \u0130spanya \u00b7 Peru<\/span><\/div>\n

Ku\u015fkonmaz Tarlas\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in Kaya K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u2014 Tarla Haz\u0131rl\u0131k K\u0131lavuzu<\/h1>\n

Bu serideki her \u00fcr\u00fcn, ta\u015f temizlemenin kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunuyor. Ku\u015fkonmaz kazan\u0131yor. Ta\u015f taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6n\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirilen bir asma k\u00f6k\u00fc, engelin etraf\u0131ndan yine de b\u00fcy\u00fcyebilir. Elma a\u011fac\u0131 k\u00f6k\u00fc, yan dallanma ile bunu telafi edebilir. 22 cm derinlikteki bir ta\u015fa yerle\u015ftirilen ku\u015fkonmaz tac\u0131 deforme olur, tutunamaz ve \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 25 y\u0131l boyunca her baharda yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda bo\u015f bir alan olu\u015fturur. Kom\u015fu ta\u00e7lar\u0131 bozmadan bo\u015f alan\u0131 yeniden dikemezsiniz. Onu d\u00fczeltemezsiniz. Sadece \u00e7eyrek y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca etraf\u0131ndan hasat yapars\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Ku\u015fkonmaz Yeti\u015ftirme Alan\u0131 Dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Ku\u015fkonmaz (Ku\u015fkonmaz officinalis<\/em>Ku\u015fkonmaz, bu k\u0131lavuzdaki di\u011fer t\u00fcm \u00fcr\u00fcnler aras\u0131nda benzersizdir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc verimli \u00f6mr\u00fc ve \u00fcretti\u011fi finansal getiriler, ilk k\u00f6k dikilmeden \u00f6nce al\u0131nan tek bir yap\u0131sal karara tamamen ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r: yeti\u015ftirme yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015fs\u0131z derinli\u011fi. Bu E-serisi k\u0131lavuzundaki di\u011fer t\u00fcm \u00fcr\u00fcnler, mevsimsel toparlanma, yeni k\u00f6k b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi veya y\u00f6netim m\u00fcdahaleleri yoluyla k\u00f6k derinli\u011findeki ta\u015f\u0131 k\u0131smen telafi edebilir. Ku\u015fkonmaz bunu yapamaz. 0. y\u0131lda olu\u015fan k\u00f6k, 24. y\u0131lda \u00fcr\u00fcn veren k\u00f6kt\u00fcr. 0. y\u0131lda onu deforme eden ta\u015f, 24. y\u0131lda yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bo\u015faltan ta\u015ft\u0131r. Hi\u00e7bir toparlanma yolu yoktur.<\/p>\n

Bu k\u0131lavuz belirli konular\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r. ku\u015fkonmaz \u00e7iftli\u011fi i\u00e7in kaya k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131<\/strong> Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, ta\u015f olu\u015fumunu bu kadar \u00f6nemli k\u0131lan ta\u00e7 biyolojisinden, Alman ve \u0130spanyol pazarlar\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fc ta\u015fla ilgili ek zorluklar yaratan beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz s\u0131rt geometrisine, ta\u015f yaralar\u0131n\u0131 en ekonomik y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 ku\u015fkonmaz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011flayan Fusarium ta\u00e7 \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesi yoluna ve \u0130ngiltere, Almanya ve \u0130spanyol ku\u015fkonmaz end\u00fcstrilerinin b\u00f6lgesel jeolojisine kadar her \u015feyi ele almaktad\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, ta\u015f temizleme yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken bir se\u00e7enek olarak de\u011fil, t\u00fcm ku\u015fkonmaz ekim program\u0131ndaki en \u00f6nemli karar olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnecektir.<\/p>\n

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25 Y\u0131ll\u0131k Ta\u00e7 \u2014 Ku\u015fkonmaz\u0131n Kal\u0131c\u0131 Bitkilerde Ta\u015f Hassasiyetine E\u015fsiz Olmas\u0131n\u0131n Nedenleri<\/h2>\n

\"THOR<\/p>\n

Ku\u015fkonmaz\u0131n neden ta\u015f hasar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 benzersiz derecede hassas oldu\u011funu anlamak, ta\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131sal biyolojisini ve bu k\u0131lavuzda ele al\u0131nan di\u011fer t\u00fcm kal\u0131c\u0131 bitkilerden nas\u0131l farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlamay\u0131 gerektirir.<\/p>\n

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Ku\u015fkonmaz Ta\u00e7 Toprak Profili \u2014 20-25 cm'de Ta\u015f Olu\u015fumu Neden Geri D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc Olmayan Bir Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kt\u0131r?<\/p>\n

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Toprak Kesiti \u2014 Ta\u015fs\u0131z Tepe \u2705<\/div>\n
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0\u20138 cm: Hafif, ufalanabilir \u00fcst tabaka \u2014 m\u0131zrak \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f b\u00f6lgesi<\/div>\n
8\u201318 cm: Orta yatak \u2014 yanal depolama k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesi<\/div>\n
C<\/span>
\n18\u201328 cm: TEPE B\u00d6LGES\u0130 \u2014 ta\u015fs\u0131z olmas\u0131 \u015fart<\/div>\n
28\u201360 cm: Derin, etli depolama k\u00f6kleri \u2014 olgunla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 80\u2013120 cm'ye kadar uzan\u0131r.<\/div>\n
60 cm+: Toprak alt\u0131 \u2014 derin nem rezervine eri\u015fim<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> Ta\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir \u015fekilde olu\u015fur. 25 y\u0131ldan fazla verimli \u00f6m\u00fcr. Her bahar tam s\u00fcrg\u00fcn yo\u011funlu\u011fu. Hasat b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 sorunsuz kayar.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Ta\u00e7 Derinli\u011finde Ta\u015f \u274c \u2014 Kal\u0131c\u0131 Ar\u0131za<\/div>\n
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0\u20138 cm: M\u0131zrak \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u2014 3. y\u0131ldan itibaren g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen bo\u015f nokta<\/div>\n
8\u201318 cm: Ta\u015f nedeniyle deforme olmu\u015f ta\u00e7ta yan k\u00f6kler bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\u2b1b<\/span>
\n18\u201328 cm: TA\u015e \u2014 dikim s\u0131ras\u0131nda ta\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 deforme olmu\u015f, Y1 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f<\/div>\n
28\u201360 cm: Destek k\u00f6kleri yok \u2014 ta\u00e7 hi\u00e7 olu\u015fmad\u0131<\/div>\n
60 cm ve \u00fczeri: K\u00f6k penetrasyonu yok \u2014 ta\u015f, tutunmay\u0131 engelledi.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> 3. y\u0131ldan kalma bo\u015f alan. Kom\u015fu a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n ta\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 bozmadan yeniden dikim yap\u0131lamaz. Bu konumda 22 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fcretim kayb\u0131 var.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Bu k\u0131lavuzdaki di\u011fer kal\u0131c\u0131 bitkilerle yap\u0131lan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma, durumun ciddiyetini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. E-1'de (\u00fcz\u00fcm ba\u011f\u0131), 20 cm derinlikte kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131na rastlayan bir asma k\u00f6k\u00fc yana do\u011fru sapar ve b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye devam eder; k\u00f6k sistemi kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fir ancak asma \u00fcretmeye devam eder. E-7'de (elma bah\u00e7esi), bir ta\u015f taraf\u0131ndan sapt\u0131r\u0131lan yap\u0131sal bir yanal k\u00f6k, ta\u015f\u0131n etraf\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcr ve a\u011fa\u00e7, verimlili\u011fi azalm\u0131\u015f olsa da, \u00fcretkenli\u011fini korur. Ku\u015fkonmazda, ta\u00e7 yakla\u015f\u0131k 8-12 cm \u00e7ap\u0131nda kompakt bir rizom yap\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Ta\u00e7 derinli\u011findeki bir ta\u015f, ku\u015fkonmaz tac\u0131n\u0131 yeniden y\u00f6nlendirmez; dikim s\u0131ras\u0131nda fiziksel olarak ezer veya deforme eder ve yanal depolama k\u00f6k\u00fc geli\u015fimine izin veren radyal ta\u00e7 geni\u015flemesini engeller. Deforme olmu\u015f ta\u00e7, zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f bir halde 1-2 sezon hayatta kalabilir, ancak tipik olarak pazarlanabilir m\u0131zraklar \u00fcretemez ve 2-3. y\u0131lda \u00e7\u00f6ker. \u0130\u015fgal etti\u011fi pozisyon, yata\u011f\u0131n verimli \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn geri kalan\u0131nda bo\u015f kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Mahsul Kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 \u2014 Kal\u0131c\u0131 Mahsullerde Ta\u015f Hasar\u0131n\u0131n Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 (bu E-Serisi)<\/caption>\n
Mahsul<\/th>\nVerimli Ya\u015fam<\/th>\nTa\u015f Hasar\u0131 Mekanizmas\u0131<\/th>\n\u0130yile\u015fme m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc?<\/th>\nSonu\u00e7 S\u00fcresi<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Ku\u015fkonmaz<\/td>\n20-25 ya\u015f<\/td>\nTa\u00e7 deformasyonu \u2192 \u00f6l\u00fcm \u2192 kal\u0131c\u0131 bo\u015fluk<\/td>\n\u2717 Yok<\/td>\nO tepe konumunda tam 25 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fcretim kayb\u0131.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Zeytin (E-2)<\/td>\n50\u2013100+ y\u0131l<\/td>\nYanal besleyici k\u00f6k yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi<\/td>\n\u26a0 K\u0131smi<\/td>\nVerimde azalma, ya\u011f kalitesinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f \u2014 kal\u0131c\u0131 ancak k\u0131smi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00dcz\u00fcm Asmas\u0131 (E-1)<\/td>\n30-80 ya\u015f<\/td>\n\u00c7apa k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fcn sapmas\u0131 \u2014 kal\u0131c\u0131 y\u00f6r\u00fcnge de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi<\/td>\n\u26a0 K\u0131smi<\/td>\nAsma hayatta kal\u0131r ancak tam verimli bir ya\u015fam i\u00e7in s\u0131\u011f k\u00f6kl\u00fc kal\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Elma (E-7)<\/td>\n30-40 ya\u015f<\/td>\nYap\u0131sal yanal k\u00f6k sapmas\u0131<\/td>\n\u2713 B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde<\/td>\nA\u011fa\u00e7, ek k\u00f6k geli\u015fimiyle bunu telafi eder; 2-5. y\u0131llarda verim d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Y\u0131ll\u0131k bitkiler (patates, havu\u00e7)<\/td>\n1 sezon<\/td>\nKursakta ezilme, yumru deformasyonu<\/td>\n\u2713 Tamam\u0131<\/td>\nSadece bir sezonluk etkisi olacak - gerekirse gelecek y\u0131l onaylanacak.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

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Beyaz ve Ye\u015fil Ku\u015fkonmaz \u2014 \u0130ki Farkl\u0131 S\u0131rt Profili, \u0130ki Farkl\u0131 Ta\u015f \u00c7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 Riski<\/h2>\n

Beyaz ve ye\u015fil ku\u015fkonmaz \u00fcretimindeki temel fark, s\u0131rt olu\u015fturma a\u015famas\u0131na kadar belirgin olmayan iki farkl\u0131 ta\u015f temizleme gereksinimi yarat\u0131r. Beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz toprak alt\u0131nda yeti\u015ftirilir; m\u0131zrak ucu s\u0131rt topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda, toprak y\u00fczeyinin alt\u0131ndan kesilerek hasat edilir. Ye\u015fil ku\u015fkonmaz a\u00e7\u0131k havada yeti\u015fir ve toprak \u00fcst\u00fcnden hasat edilir. Bu \u00fcretim fark\u0131, s\u0131rt y\u00fcksekli\u011finde, s\u0131rt olu\u015fturma s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve her sistemde i\u015fleyen ta\u015f hasar\u0131 mekanizmalar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir fark yarat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Beyaz Ku\u015fkonmaz (Bleichspargel)<\/div>\n
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S\u0131rt y\u00fcksekli\u011fi:<\/strong> Tepe k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde yeterli beyazlatma derinli\u011fi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in, d\u00fcz y\u00fczeyin 25-35 cm yukar\u0131s\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

S\u0131rt \u00fczerindeki ta\u015f:<\/strong> M\u0131zrak ucunun s\u0131rt y\u00fczeyini kald\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken d\u00fczg\u00fcn, gev\u015fek s\u0131rt profilinin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller; bu, yeti\u015ftiricilerin kesim an\u0131n\u0131 izledi\u011fi bir g\u00f6stergedir. S\u0131rt i\u00e7indeki bir ta\u015f, \u00fczerinde m\u0131zra\u011fa direnen sert bir kubbe olu\u015fturur; m\u0131zrak ta\u015f\u0131n etraf\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcr, deforme olur ve 1. s\u0131n\u0131f de\u011ferini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren k\u0131vr\u0131mlar olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n

Oluk a\u00e7ma makineleri ile ta\u015f etkile\u015fimi:<\/strong> Her bahar s\u0131rt\u0131 yeniden olu\u015fturan s\u0131rt olu\u015fturucu, oluktan topra\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rt\u0131n \u00fczerine atar. Oluktaki ta\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131 da s\u0131rt\u0131n \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131r ve yeni olu\u015fan s\u0131rt\u0131n tepe veya tepe alt\u0131 derinli\u011finde g\u00f6m\u00fclmelerine neden olur.<\/p>\n

Gerekli kaz\u0131 derinli\u011fi:<\/strong> 30\u201340 cm (ta\u00e7 b\u00f6lgesi + \u00fcst ve alt tampon b\u00f6lge). Almanya ve \u0130spanya i\u00e7in THOR 3.0 \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\n

\u015eu alanlarda bask\u0131nd\u0131r:<\/strong> Almanya (Alman \u00fcretimi 90%), \u0130spanya (Navarra konservesi), Hollanda (premium fresh)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Ye\u015fil Ku\u015fkonmaz (Gr\u00fcnspargel)<\/div>\n
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S\u0131rt y\u00fcksekli\u011fi:<\/strong> D\u00fcz yatak veya al\u00e7ak s\u0131rt (8\u201312 cm) \u2014 m\u0131zrak hemen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131n tepe derinli\u011fi:<\/strong> Beyaz ku\u015fkonmazla ayn\u0131 ta\u00e7 deformasyonu riski vard\u0131r, ancak ek olarak toprak s\u0131rt\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131 sorunu yoktur. Hasat kesimi toprak y\u00fczeyinde veya \u00fczerinde yap\u0131l\u0131r; bu da toprak alt\u0131ndaki ta\u015flardan kaynaklanan b\u0131\u00e7ak sapmas\u0131 riskini azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fczey ta\u015f\u0131 riski:<\/strong> Ye\u015fil ku\u015fkonmaz hasat ekipleri d\u00fcz zeminde h\u0131zla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r; y\u00fczeydeki g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr ta\u015flar, s\u0131ra boyunca hareket eden hasat makinelerinin ayaklar\u0131nda yaralanmalara neden olur. Ayr\u0131ca, mekanik ye\u015fil ku\u015fkonmaz hasat makineleri (titre\u015fimli parmak kesiciler) y\u00fczey seviyesindeki ta\u015flardan zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Gerekli kaz\u0131 derinli\u011fi:<\/strong> 25\u201332 cm (tepe b\u00f6lgesi). THOR 2.4, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'taki \u00e7o\u011fu ve a\u00e7\u0131k renkli ta\u015fl\u0131 alan i\u00e7in yeterlidir.<\/p>\n

\u015eu alanlarda bask\u0131nd\u0131r:<\/strong> Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k (100% ye\u015fil), ABD (Kaliforniya, Michigan, Washington), Peru (ihracat)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Fusarium Ta\u00e7 \u00c7\u00fcr\u00fcmesi \u2014 Ta\u015f Yaralar\u0131n Tetikledi\u011fi Hastal\u0131k<\/h2>\n

\"CT-2100<\/p>\n

Fusarium k\u00f6k ve ta\u00e7 \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesi (nedeni \u015fudur: Fusarium oxysporum<\/em> f.sp. ku\u015fkonmaz<\/em> Ve Fusarium proliferatum<\/em>Fusarium ta\u015f hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda ku\u015fkonmaz\u0131n ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan en y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak evrensel olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu hastal\u0131k, verimlilikte kademeli bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe neden olarak, bir tarlan\u0131n ticari \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sona ermesine yol a\u00e7ar; genellikle 20-25 y\u0131l s\u00fcrmesi gereken bir tarlan\u0131n 8-12. y\u0131l\u0131nda bu durum ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Ta\u015f hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6netimi ile Fusarium aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131, standart tar\u0131msal k\u0131lavuzlarda ku\u015fkonmaz tarlas\u0131 hastal\u0131k y\u00f6netiminin en s\u0131k g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilen y\u00f6nlerinden biridir.<\/p>\n

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\u2460<\/span><\/p>\n

Yara olu\u015fumu \u2014 ta\u015fla temas olay\u0131.<\/strong> Ku\u015fkonmaz\u0131n ta\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 veya etli depolama k\u00f6k\u00fc, dikim, toprak oturmas\u0131 veya y\u0131ll\u0131k toprak y\u0131\u011fma i\u015flemleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda bir ta\u015fa temas etti\u011finde, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan a\u015f\u0131nma veya s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma, ta\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n rizom y\u00fczeyinde veya k\u00f6k\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f korteksinde mikro yaralar olu\u015fturur. Bu yaralar, aksi takdirde mantar giri\u015fine kar\u015f\u0131 birincil fiziksel bariyeri sa\u011flayan sa\u011flam epidermisi k\u0131rar. D\u00fcnya genelindeki hemen hemen t\u00fcm tar\u0131m topraklar\u0131nda bulunan Fusarium sporlar\u0131, sa\u011flam ku\u015fkonmaz dokusunu enfekte edemez, ancak a\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f veya s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f y\u00fczeyleri kolayca enfekte eder.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u2461<\/span><\/p>\n

Yarada enfeksiyon olu\u015fumu.<\/strong> Fusarium<\/em> Hifler yaraya n\u00fcfuz eder ve ta\u00e7 veya depolama k\u00f6k\u00fc korteksini kolonize eder. Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131, ta\u015fs\u0131z toprak ko\u015fullar\u0131nda, ku\u015fkonmaz bitkisinin do\u011fal savunma tepkisi (fenilpropanoid yol bile\u015fikleri) erken enfeksiyonu kontrol alt\u0131na alabilir. Ta\u015f stresi alt\u0131ndaki ta\u00e7larda -fiziksel hasar\u0131n ta\u00e7\u0131n yap\u0131sal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve enerji rezervlerini zaten tehlikeye att\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda- savunma tepkisi genellikle yetersizdir. Kortekste yerle\u015ftikten sonra, Fusarium, tan\u0131sal kesitte g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen enfekte depolama k\u00f6klerinin karakteristik k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ms\u0131 kahverengi renk de\u011fi\u015fimine neden olan etilen ve di\u011fer fitotoksinleri \u00fcretir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u2462<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u015famal\u0131 kraliyet s\u00f6m\u00fcrgele\u015ftirmesi.<\/strong> \u0130lk yara b\u00f6lgesinden itibaren Fusarium, 1-3 b\u00fcy\u00fcme mevsimi boyunca ta\u00e7taki vask\u00fcler dokuya yay\u0131l\u0131r. Etkilenen ta\u00e7ta ilerleyici belirtiler g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr: 2. y\u0131lda s\u00fcrg\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131nda azalma; 3-4. y\u0131llarda pazarlanabilir kalibrede s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler yerine daha ince, e\u011frelti otu tipi s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler; 4-6. y\u0131llarda ise ta\u00e7ta nihai tam ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k. Ayn\u0131 yatakta bulunan kom\u015fu ta\u00e7lar, ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olan ta\u00e7 etraf\u0131nda olu\u015fan ve geni\u015fleyen toprak kaynakl\u0131 enfeksiyon etkeni pop\u00fclasyonu nedeniyle y\u00fcksek enfeksiyon riski alt\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u2463<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta\u015flardan temizlenmi\u015f yataklar: Fusarium'un yerle\u015fmesinde azalma.<\/strong> Ta\u015flardan temizlenmi\u015f ku\u015fkonmaz yataklar\u0131nda (THOR 2.4\/3.0 28\u201335 cm + CT-2100 kal\u0131c\u0131 ta\u015f temizleme), dikim s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve y\u0131ll\u0131k toprak d\u00fczeltme i\u015flemlerinde ta\u015f temas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan fiziksel ta\u00e7 yaralar\u0131 ortadan kalkar. Topraktaki Fusarium spor pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmeden kal\u0131r - bunlar t\u00fcm Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k ve Avrupa tar\u0131m topraklar\u0131nda mevcuttur - ancak ta\u015f temas\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yara giri\u015f noktalar\u0131 olmadan, Fusarium<\/em> Kritik 0-3 y\u0131ll\u0131k yerle\u015fme d\u00f6neminde \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oranlarda yerle\u015fir. Bu, ta\u015fs\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f alanlarda yataklar\u0131n verimli \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir \u015fekilde uzamas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir: \u0130ngiltere ve Almanya'daki ku\u015fkonmaz \u00fcretim b\u00f6lgelerinde e\u015fde\u011fer temizlenmemi\u015f arazilerde 8-15 y\u0131la kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k 20-25 y\u0131l.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Hasat B\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 \u2014 S\u0131rtlardaki Ta\u015f\u0131n Y\u0131ll\u0131k Verim Kalitesini Nas\u0131l D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/h2>\n

Beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz, uzun b\u0131\u00e7akl\u0131 bir ku\u015fkonmaz b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 (Spargelstecher) kullanan yetenekli toplay\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan hasat edilir. B\u0131\u00e7ak, gev\u015fek s\u0131rt topra\u011f\u0131ndan dikey olarak sap\u0131n yan\u0131na do\u011fru itilir ve sap\u0131n taban\u0131ndan, genellikle ta\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n 2-4 cm alt\u0131ndan kesilir. Kesim hassas olmal\u0131d\u0131r: \u00e7ok yukar\u0131dan kesilirse, pazarlanamaz bir sap ta\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 kal\u0131r; \u00e7ok a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan kesilirse, ta\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine girerek Fusarium'un yerle\u015fti\u011fi yerde tam olarak bir yara olu\u015fturur. S\u0131rttaki ta\u015f, yata\u011f\u0131n ta\u015f y\u00fckl\u00fc bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki her sap \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, kaliteyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren \u00f6zel bir mekanizma yarat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Ta\u015fs\u0131z s\u0131rt \u00fczerinde:<\/strong> Hasat b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131, d\u00fczg\u00fcn, gev\u015fek, ta\u015fs\u0131z s\u0131rt topra\u011f\u0131nda dikey olarak ilerler. Diren\u00e7 sabit ve tahmin edilebilir. Toplay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015f el bas\u0131nc\u0131, her seferinde tutarl\u0131 bir kesim derinli\u011fi sa\u011flar. 1. s\u0131n\u0131f m\u0131zraklar (uzun, d\u00fcz, s\u0131k\u0131 u\u00e7lu, temiz kesilmi\u015f taban), iyi y\u00f6netilen ta\u015fs\u0131z yataklarda 70-851 TP5T hasat sa\u011flar.<\/div>\n
Ta\u015f\u0131n y\u00f6n de\u011fi\u015ftirme olay\u0131:<\/strong> B\u0131\u00e7ak ucu, 15-22 cm derinlikte bir ta\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131na temas eder. B\u0131\u00e7ak ucu sapar; sapman\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fc ve b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, ta\u015f\u0131n y\u00f6nelimine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak tahmin edilemez. Sapma tipik olarak d\u00f6rt sonu\u00e7tan birini \u00fcretir: (a) kesim \u00e7ok s\u0131\u011f yap\u0131l\u0131r, taban 2\/3 kalibrede kal\u0131r ve sap k\u0131sm\u0131 ta\u00e7ta kal\u0131r; (b) b\u0131\u00e7ak yana do\u011fru sapar, m\u0131zra\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde keser ve paketlemede reddedilen e\u011fimli bir taban olu\u015fturur; (c) b\u0131\u00e7ak m\u0131zra\u011f\u0131 tamamen ge\u00e7er, m\u0131zra\u011f\u0131 kesmeden b\u0131rak\u0131rken biti\u015fik ta\u00e7lar \u00e7entiklenebilir; (d) b\u0131\u00e7ak derine sapar, ta\u00e7 dokusuna girer ve Fusarium giri\u015f yaras\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/div>\n
Y\u0131ll\u0131k kalite maliyeti:<\/strong> Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'taki beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz tarlalar\u0131nda, alan ba\u015f\u0131na 10-15% s\u0131rt ta\u015f\u0131 \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc bulunan yerlerde, hasat edilen ku\u015fkonmaz saplar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 12-20%'sinde ta\u015f sapmas\u0131yla ilgili kalite kusurlar\u0131 (derinlikten uzak kesim taban\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131 kesim veya kalibre alt\u0131 uzunluk) g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'taki premium ku\u015fkonmaz paketleme istasyonlar\u0131, 1. s\u0131n\u0131f ku\u015fkonmaz\u0131 2\/3. s\u0131n\u0131f ku\u015fkonmazdan kilogram ba\u015f\u0131na 1,20-2,40 \u00a3 daha pahal\u0131ya satmaktad\u0131r. Y\u0131lda 4.000 kg \u00fcretim yapan 2 hektarl\u0131k bir beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz tarlas\u0131nda: 15% alanda 15% kalite d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, yaln\u0131zca ta\u015f sapmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan yakla\u015f\u0131k 180-360 \u00a3\/y\u0131ll\u0131k tekrarlayan kalite kayb\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelmektedir. 22 verimli hasat y\u0131l\u0131 boyunca, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc de\u011fere indirgendi\u011finde: tarladaki ta\u015f sapmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan k\u00fcm\u00fclatif kalite kayb\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 2.500-5.000 \u00a3'dur.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

Ku\u015fkonmaz Yeti\u015ftirme B\u00f6lgeleri \u2014 Ba\u015fl\u0131ca Pazarlardaki Jeoloji ve Temizleme \u015eartnameleri<\/h2>\n

\"20<\/p>\n

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\ud83c\udde9\ud83c\uddea Almanya \u2014 Spargelland, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ku\u015fkonmaz k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc<\/span>
\n~28.000 hektar; y\u0131lda 1 milyon tondan fazla t\u00fcketiliyor; beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz mevsimi (Spargelsaison) ulusal bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrel etkinliktir.<\/span><\/div>\n

En y\u00fcksek de\u011fere sahip pazar<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Almanya'n\u0131n ku\u015fkonmaz \u00fcretimi, her biri kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc ta\u015f profillerine sahip \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 jeolojik b\u00f6lgede yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg (Schwetzingen, Bruchsal):<\/strong> Klasik ku\u015fkonmaz tarlas\u0131, derin, gev\u015fek kumlu t\u0131nl\u0131 toprakta (Niederterrassenschotter) yeti\u015fir. Kumlu profilde do\u011fal olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ta\u015f yo\u011funlu\u011fu bulunur, ancak ekimden \u00f6nce 35-50 cm derinlikteki \u00e7ak\u0131l tabakalar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sondajla do\u011frulanmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu toprakta beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz s\u0131rt\u0131 olu\u015fturma i\u015flemi, s\u0131rt olu\u015fturucu taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan daha derin katmanlardan gelen \u00e7ak\u0131llara kar\u015f\u0131 en hassast\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Saksonya (Nienburg, Braunschweig):<\/strong> Pleistosen \u00e7\u00f6kelmesinden kalma, de\u011fi\u015fken \u00e7ak\u0131l\/ta\u015f pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131na sahip buzul ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 kumlar\u0131. Ta\u015f yo\u011funlu\u011fu Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg'den \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha y\u00fcksektir; a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce 28-32 cm'de THOR 2.4 (180HP) standart temizleme \u00f6nerilir. Bavyera (Schrobenhausen):<\/strong> Alp \u00f6ncesi yelpazelerden gelen al\u00fcvyal teras birikintileri \u2014 15-30 cm boyutlar\u0131nda \u00e7ak\u0131l ve kumta\u015f\u0131 par\u00e7alar\u0131, temizlenmeden do\u011frudan beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz s\u0131rt\u0131 kalitesini tehdit etmektedir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\ud83c\uddec\ud83c\udde7 Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k \u2014 birinci s\u0131n\u0131f ye\u015fil ku\u015fkonmaz\u0131n yeniden canlanmas\u0131<\/span>
\n~3.500 hektar; \u0130ngiliz ku\u015fkonmaz\u0131, \u0130ngiltere perakende sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde en de\u011ferli yerli mevsimlik \u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/div>\n

Premium taze \u00fcr\u00fcn pazar\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k ku\u015fkonmaz end\u00fcstrisi, 2000'li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana, \u0130ngiliz ku\u015fkonmaz sezonunun k\u0131sal\u0131\u011f\u0131na (May\u0131s-Haziran, yakla\u015f\u0131k 8 hafta) ve y\u00fcksek fiyat\u0131na y\u00f6nelik t\u00fcketici be\u011fenisi sayesinde dikkat \u00e7ekici bir geni\u015fleme ya\u015fad\u0131. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u00fcretim b\u00f6lgeleri: Evesham Vadisi (Worcestershire)<\/strong> \u2014 De\u011fi\u015fken ta\u015f yo\u011funlu\u011funa sahip k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Trias kumta\u015f\u0131 topraklar\u0131 (Mohs 4\u20135); Suffolk ve Lincolnshire<\/strong> \u2014 Kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerinde hafif kumlu topraklar, de\u011fi\u015fken \u00e7akmakta\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7eri\u011fi (kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 y\u00fczeye yak\u0131n yerlerde Mohs 7-8). Lincolnshire batakl\u0131k kenar\u0131<\/strong> \u2014 Az ta\u015fl\u0131 ancak alttaki tebe\u015firden kaynaklanan ara s\u0131ra \u00e7ak\u0131l ta\u015f\u0131 nod\u00fclleri i\u00e7eren zengin organik topraklar. Suffolk ve Lincolnshire'daki \u00e7ak\u0131l ta\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fumu, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'taki en teknik olarak zorlu ku\u015fkonmaz ta\u015f\u0131 temizleme durumunu temsil eder \u2014 E-4'te a\u00e7\u0131klanan ayn\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131l ta\u015f\u0131 sertli\u011fi, ancak ekili \u00fcr\u00fcn k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesinde de\u011fil, ku\u015fkonmaz yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ta\u00e7 derinli\u011finde. THOR 2.4, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'taki \u00e7o\u011fu ku\u015fkonmaz alan\u0131 i\u00e7in standartt\u0131r; THOR 3.0, Suffolk ve kuzey Lincolnshire'daki tebe\u015fir-\u00e7ak\u0131l ta\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilir. AHDB Bah\u00e7e Bitkileri, periyodik olarak ku\u015fkonmaz yata\u011f\u0131 kurulumunu sermaye hibe programlar\u0131na dahil etmi\u015ftir \u2014 mevcut uygunlu\u011fu AHDB ile teyit edin.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\ud83c\uddea\ud83c\uddf8 \u0130spanya \u2014 Navarra beyaz\u0131 ve Extremadura ye\u015fili<\/span>
\nD\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck konserve ku\u015fkonmaz \u00fcreticisi; b\u00fcy\u00fcyen taze ihracat sekt\u00f6r\u00fc.<\/span><\/div>\n

Beyaz + ye\u015fil ikili pazar<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Navarra'n\u0131n beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz \u00fcretimi (Esp\u00e1rrago de Navarra DOP - \u0130spanya'n\u0131n sebzeler i\u00e7in en eski co\u011frafi i\u015faretlerinden biri), Ebro Nehri'nin al\u00fcvyal teraslar\u0131nda, kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 da\u011flar\u0131ndan gelen ak\u0131nt\u0131dan olu\u015fan kire\u00e7li \u00e7ak\u0131ll\u0131 siltli-killi topraklarda yeti\u015ftirilir. 15-30 cm'de ta\u015f yo\u011funlu\u011fu orta d\u00fczeydedir ancak beyaz ku\u015fkonmazda s\u0131rt kalitesi sorunlar\u0131na ve ta\u00e7 yaralanmas\u0131 riskine yol a\u00e7acak kadar yeterlidir. 28-32 cm'de tek ge\u00e7i\u015fte THOR 2.4 standartt\u0131r. Extremadura'n\u0131n ye\u015fil ku\u015fkonmaz \u00fcretimi, Galler yayla jeolojisine benzer \u015fekilde, granit ve Prekambriyen \u015fist topraklar\u0131nda (Mohs 5-7) yer al\u0131r ve daha sert granit b\u00f6lgeler i\u00e7in azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ileri h\u0131zda THOR 2.4 veya THOR 3.0 gerektirir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\ud83c\udf0d Peru, ABD, Avustralya \u2014 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli ye\u015fil ku\u015fkonmaz ihracat\u0131 \u00fcretimi<\/span>
\n\u0130hracat pazarlar\u0131<\/span><\/div>\n
Peru'nun Ica ve La Libertad vadileri (d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ku\u015fkonmaz ihracat \u00fcretim b\u00f6lgeleri) esas olarak \u00e7\u00f6l sulamal\u0131 al\u00fcvyal topraklardan olu\u015fmakta olup, do\u011fal ta\u015f i\u00e7eri\u011fi minimaldir. Ta\u015f temizli\u011fi Peru \u00fcretiminde \u00f6ncelikli bir endi\u015fe kayna\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir; bunun yerine sulama suyu y\u00f6netimi ve pazar eri\u015fim lojisti\u011fine odaklan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. ABD \u00fcretimi (Michigan, Washington Eyaleti, Kaliforniya) b\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6re \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermektedir; Michigan'daki buzul morenleri, \u0130ngiltere ve Almanya \u00fcretiminde oldu\u011fu gibi ayn\u0131 ta\u015f sorununu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r; Washington'daki Columbia Havzas\u0131 volkanik l\u00f6s topraklar\u0131 genellikle daha az ta\u015f i\u00e7ermektedir. Volkanik ovalarda ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 dupleks topraklarda yap\u0131lan Avustralya ku\u015fkonmaz \u00fcretimi (Victoria, G\u00fcney Avustralya), 15-30 cm'de bazalt ve demirta\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7ermekte olup, THOR 2.4 temizli\u011fi gerektirmektedir. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli ihracat \u00fcretim \u00e7iftlikleri (20+ ha) i\u00e7in, BlackBird kaya t\u0131rm\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a> (9,5 m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma geni\u015fli\u011fi), ekim \u00f6ncesi ta\u015f y\u00f6netimi program\u0131n\u0131 ticari olarak uygulanabilir k\u0131lan geni\u015f blok y\u00fczey kaplamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

Ku\u015fkonmaz Yata\u011f\u0131 Haz\u0131rlama Sistemi \u2014 S\u0131ralama ve Makine \u00d6zellikleri<\/h2>\n

\"PSW-3200<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ku\u015fkonmaz Yata\u011f\u0131 Haz\u0131rlama Sistemi \u2014 Makine S\u0131ras\u0131, Derinlik ve Ama\u00e7<\/caption>\n
Ad\u0131m<\/th>\nMakine<\/th>\n\u0130\u015fletme Derinli\u011fi<\/th>\n\u0130leri H\u0131z<\/th>\nAma\u00e7<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nTHOR 2.4 veya 3.0 kaya k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131<\/a>
\n180 HP (2,4) veya 230 HP (3,0)<\/span><\/td>\n		28\u201340 cm
\n(+5 cm beyaz\/eski alanlar i\u00e7in)<\/span><\/td>\n		1,2\u20132,0 km\/sa
\n(Daha sert ta\u015f = daha yava\u015f)<\/span><\/td>\n		Ta\u00e7 b\u00f6lgesindeki ve beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz s\u0131rt b\u00f6lgesindeki t\u00fcm ta\u015flar\u0131 par\u00e7alay\u0131n. Alman beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz alanlar\u0131 ve eski ku\u015fkonmaz yeniden dikimleri i\u00e7in THOR 3.0 zorunludur. Kumta\u015f\u0131\/kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki \u00e7o\u011fu \u0130ngiliz ye\u015fil ku\u015fkonmaz alan\u0131 i\u00e7in THOR 2.4 yeterlidir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nCT-2100 ta\u015f toplay\u0131c\u0131<\/a>
\n110 HP, 2,5 m\u00b3, 80 kg maksimum<\/span><\/td>\n		Y\u00fczey koleksiyonu<\/td>\n1,5\u20132,5 km\/sa<\/td>\nKu\u015fkonmaz i\u00e7in kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 KR\u0130T\u0130K \u00f6neme sahiptir. Ta\u00e7 b\u00f6lgesinde kalan par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ekirdek, Fusarium yaras\u0131 riskini ve hasat b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sapma riskini art\u0131rmaya devam eder. T\u00fcm<\/em> Par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f ta\u015flar sahadan kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nPSW-3200 rotavat\u00f6r<\/a>
\n140 HP\/dak, 3,0\u20133,6 m<\/span><\/td>\n		22\u201330 cm<\/td>\n1.000 RPM<\/td>\nD\u00fczg\u00fcn, ince taneli ta\u00e7 dikim substrat\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Organik maddeyi (\u00e7iftlik g\u00fcbresi veya ye\u015fil g\u00fcbre) ve kireci do\u011fru derinlikte topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz ekim alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in PSW-3200 ayr\u0131ca ilk s\u0131rt olu\u015fumu i\u00e7in temel profili de olu\u015fturur. Topra\u011f\u0131n oturmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ku\u015fkonmaz\u0131n ideal olarak PSW-3200 uygulamas\u0131ndan 4-6 hafta sonra dikilmesi \u00f6nerilir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nTa\u00e7 dikimi + ilk s\u0131rt olu\u015fumu (sadece beyaz)<\/td>\nTa\u00e7 20\u201325 cm<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nFideler, \u00f6nceden a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hendeklere tam olarak belirtilen derinlikte yerle\u015ftirilir (ana\u00e7 ve pazara g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir: ye\u015fil 20\u201322 cm; beyaz 22\u201325 cm). Beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz i\u00e7in, ilk s\u0131rt hemen dikim hende\u011finin \u00fczerine 25\u201330 cm y\u00fckseklikte olu\u015fturulur.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n
\n
\nKu\u015fkonmaz tarlas\u0131 i\u00e7in kaya k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u2014 beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz ve ye\u015fil ku\u015fkonmaz i\u00e7in ne kadar derinlikte temizlik yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ve ana\u00e7 t\u00fcr\u00fc bunu de\u011fi\u015ftirir mi?<\/summary>\n

Beyaz ve ye\u015fil ku\u015fkonmaz aras\u0131nda, beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz\u0131n tam ha\u015flama derinli\u011fine kadar ta\u015ftan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir s\u0131rt alt\u0131nda yeti\u015ftirilmesi nedeniyle, gerekli temizleme derinli\u011fi farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir. ye\u015fil ku\u015fkonmaz<\/strong> (\u0130ngiltere standard\u0131na g\u00f6re), 25-32 cm'ye kadar a\u011fa\u00e7 kesimi standart \u00f6neridir; bu, ta\u00e7 b\u00f6lgesini (20-25 cm) ve ta\u00e7 b\u00f6lgesinin hemen alt\u0131ndaki etli depolama k\u00f6kleri i\u00e7in 5-7 cm'lik bir tampon b\u00f6lgeyi temizlemek i\u00e7in yeterlidir. beyaz ku\u015fkonmaz<\/strong> (Almanya, Hollanda, \u0130spanya), ta\u00e7 \u00fczerindeki s\u0131rt y\u00fcksekli\u011fi (25\u201330 cm), 0\u201330 cm b\u00f6lgesindeki ta\u015flar\u0131n ya s\u0131rt ta\u015f\u0131 sapma b\u00f6lgesinde ya da ta\u00e7 b\u00f6lgesinde oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir; bu da s\u0131rt haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in toplamda 30\u201340 cm'ye kadar temizleme gerektirir. Eski ku\u015fkonmaz yeniden dikim alanlar\u0131nda (E-7 bah\u00e7esiyle ayn\u0131 paradoks: on y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren derin k\u00f6k aktivitesi y\u00fczey alt\u0131ndaki ta\u015flar\u0131 yukar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r), bu rakamlara 8\u201312 cm daha ekleyin ve spesifikasyonu kesinle\u015ftirmeden \u00f6nce 50 cm'ye kadar sondaj yap\u0131n. Ana\u00e7, ku\u015fkonmaz i\u00e7in temizleme derinli\u011fi gereksinimini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015ftirmez, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc t\u00fcm ticari ku\u015fkonmaz ta\u00e7lar\u0131, pazar t\u00fcr\u00fcnden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak 20\u201325 cm derinlik aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dikilir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\nKu\u015fkonmazda g\u00f6r\u00fclen Fusarium k\u00f6k \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ger\u00e7ekten de ta\u015f temizleme ile azalt\u0131labilir mi, yoksa mekanik y\u00f6ntemlerle kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131namayan toprak kaynakl\u0131 bir hastal\u0131k m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/summary>\n

Ku\u015fkonmaz topra\u011f\u0131ndan Fusarium mantar\u0131, ta\u015f temizleme veya di\u011fer pratik tarla y\u00f6netimi y\u00f6ntemleriyle tamamen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lamaz. Fusarium oxysporum<\/em> Fusarium, d\u00fcnya genelindeki tar\u0131m topraklar\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak bulunur. Ta\u015f temizleme, patojeni \u00f6ld\u00fcrmez. Ta\u015f temizlemenin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey, Fusarium'un ta\u00e7 dokusunu enfekte etti\u011fi yara giri\u015f noktas\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmakt\u0131r; bu nokta, ekim, toprak oturmas\u0131 veya y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u0131rt olu\u015fturma i\u015flemleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda ta\u00e7 dokusunun ta\u015fla temas etmesiyle olu\u015fan fiziksel a\u015f\u0131nma veya s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r. Benzetme do\u011frudan: Fusarium, bakterilerin sa\u011flam deriyi enfekte edememesi gibi, sa\u011flam ta\u00e7 dokusunu da enfekte edemez. Yara kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (ta\u015f temas\u0131) ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, patojenin kritik ilk y\u0131l yerle\u015fme d\u00f6neminde birincil yerle\u015fme f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 da ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olursunuz. Uzun vadeli \u0130ngiltere ve Almanya ku\u015fkonmaz \u00fcreticilerinden elde edilen saha g\u00f6zlemleri, di\u011fer t\u00fcm y\u00f6netim fakt\u00f6rleri e\u015fit oldu\u011funda, ayn\u0131 \u00e7iftlikteki e\u015fde\u011fer temizlenmemi\u015f yataklara k\u0131yasla, ta\u015f temizlenmi\u015f yataklarda erken Fusarium g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n -601 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funu tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6stermektedir. Daha uzun vadeli fayda, verimli yatak \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn uzamas\u0131d\u0131r: \u0130ngiltere kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 ve Almanya buzul toprak \u00fcretim b\u00f6lgelerinde, ta\u015f temizlenmi\u015f yataklarda 20-25 y\u0131l, e\u015fde\u011fer temizlenmemi\u015f yataklarda ise 8-15 y\u0131l.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\n12 y\u0131ld\u0131r \u00fcr\u00fcn veren eski bir ku\u015fkonmaz yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yeniden dikim i\u00e7in ta\u015f temizli\u011finden faydas\u0131 olur mu, yoksa Fusarium y\u00fck\u00fc zaten \u00e7ok mu y\u00fcksek?<\/summary>\n

12-15 y\u0131l sonra yeniden dikilen eski bir ku\u015fkonmaz yata\u011f\u0131, herhangi bir ku\u015fkonmaz i\u015fletmesinde en y\u00fcksek \u00f6ncelikli ta\u015f temizleme senaryosunu temsil eder ve Fusarium sorusu, temizleme \u015fartnamesinin bu noktada neden en titiz olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir. 12-15. y\u0131la gelindi\u011finde, yatak topra\u011f\u0131ndaki Fusarium inokulum pop\u00fclasyonu, 12 y\u0131ll\u0131k ta\u00e7 kolonizasyonu ve spor \u00fcretimi yoluyla birikmi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00fcksek inokulum, yeni dikimdeki ta\u015f yaras\u0131 y\u00f6netimini orijinal dikime g\u00f6re daha da kritik hale getirir: yeni ta\u00e7lar \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek bir patojen bask\u0131s\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r, bu da yeniden dikim s\u0131ras\u0131nda olu\u015fan herhangi bir ta\u015f yaras\u0131n\u0131n orijinal dikime g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve tamamen enfekte olaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Eski ku\u015fkonmaz yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yeniden dikimi i\u00e7in \u00f6neri: (1) \u00f6nce tam toprak f\u00fcmigasyonu veya biyof\u00fcmigasyon program\u0131n\u0131 tamamlay\u0131n; (2) THOR 3.0 ile 40-50 cm'ye kadar ta\u015f temizleme (E-7'de eski meyve bah\u00e7esi alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, eski yatak k\u00f6k kanal\u0131 ta\u015f g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc nedeniyle y\u00fckseltilmi\u015f derinlik gereksinimi); (3) CT-2100 kal\u0131c\u0131 toplama; (4) pH d\u00fczeltmesi ve PSW-3200 haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131; (5) yeniden dikimden \u00f6nce 6-12 ay yerle\u015fme s\u00fcresi tan\u0131y\u0131n. Bu geni\u015fletilmi\u015f haz\u0131rl\u0131k program\u0131, yeni dikim yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n 25 y\u0131ll\u0131k geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle \u200b\u200bticari olarak hakl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\n\u0130ngiltere veya Almanya'da ku\u015fkonmaz yataklar\u0131nda ta\u015f temizli\u011fi i\u00e7in herhangi bir hibe deste\u011fi al\u0131nabilir mi?<\/summary>\n

\u0130ngiltere'de, AHDB Horticulture, tarihsel olarak \"korunakl\u0131 ve a\u00e7\u0131k alan bah\u00e7ecili\u011fi\" yat\u0131r\u0131m kategorisi alt\u0131nda sermaye hibe programlar\u0131na ku\u015fkonmaz yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fini de dahil etmi\u015ftir. K\u0131rsal Alan Y\u00f6netimi sermaye hibeleri, \u00f6nceki program d\u00f6nemlerinde onayl\u0131 ekipman listelerinde toprak iyile\u015ftirme makinelerini (ta\u015f k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar ve rotavat\u00f6rler dahil) i\u00e7ermi\u015ftir \u2014 sat\u0131n almadan \u00f6nce 2025-2027 program d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc i\u00e7in mevcut uygunlu\u011fu K\u0131rsal \u00d6demeler Ajans\u0131 ile teyit edin. Almanya'da, GAK (Gemeinschaftsaufgabe Agrarstruktur und K\u00fcstenschutz) tar\u0131msal modernizasyon program\u0131, makine dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7iftlik sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in ortak finansmanl\u0131 destek sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r \u2014 Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg ve A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Saksonya'daki ku\u015fkonmaz yeti\u015ftiricileri, mevcut uygun kalemleri ilgili Tar\u0131m Odas\u0131 (Landwirtschaftskammer) ile teyit etmelidir. AB'nin t\u00fcm \u00fcye devletlerindeki Ortak Tar\u0131m Politikas\u0131 2. S\u00fctun K\u0131rsal Kalk\u0131nma Programlar\u0131, ku\u015fkonmaz yata\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturma makinelerini de kapsayabilecek verimli yat\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6nlemleri i\u00e7ermektedir. Uygunluk ve oranlar programlama d\u00f6nemleri aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finden, sat\u0131n alma karar\u0131n\u0131 kesinle\u015ftirmeden \u00f6nce ilgili ulusal\/b\u00f6lgesel \u00f6deme kurulu\u015fuyla teyit edin. Korea Watanabe, t\u00fcm pazarlarda hibe ba\u015fvurular\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli makine sertifikasyon ve teknik \u00f6zellik belgelerini sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\nKu\u015fkonmaz ekimi \u00f6ncesinde ta\u015f temizli\u011finin, 25 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fcretim s\u00fcresi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak, finansal yat\u0131r\u0131m getirisi (ROI) hesaplamas\u0131 nedir?<\/summary>\n

Ku\u015fkonmazda ta\u015f temizleme i\u015fleminin yat\u0131r\u0131m getirisi (ROI) hesaplamas\u0131, yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n bir kez yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve faydan\u0131n 25 y\u0131l boyunca birikmesi nedeniyle al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k derecede caziptir. 2 hektarl\u0131k bir \u0130ngiltere ye\u015fil ku\u015fkonmaz yata\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in (ta\u00e7lar, toprak haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sulama dahil toplam kurulum maliyeti yakla\u015f\u0131k 6.000-10.000 \u00a3): ta\u015f temizleme maliyeti (2 ha i\u00e7in THOR 2.4 + CT-2100) yakla\u015f\u0131k 800-1.600 \u00a3'dur. Bu, toplam kurulum maliyetinin 8-161 TP5T'sini temsil eder. Fayda hesaplamas\u0131: (1) 1. s\u0131n\u0131f kalite iyile\u015ftirmesi \u2014 b\u0131\u00e7ak sapmas\u0131 nedeniyle kalite d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nlenmesi, y\u0131lda 200-400 \u00a3 de\u011ferindedir = 22 hasat y\u0131l\u0131 boyunca 4.400-8.800 \u00a3; (2) Fusarium ile ilgili yatak \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn uzat\u0131lmas\u0131 (e\u015fde\u011fer temizlenmemi\u015f arazide 12-15 y\u0131la kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k 20-25 y\u0131l) = 6.000-10.000 \u00a3 de\u011ferindeki bir yata\u011f\u0131n tamamen yeniden dikilmesinden ka\u00e7\u0131nma + 3 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fcretim a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131; (3) Kurulum d\u00f6neminde ta\u00e7 kayb\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 (temizlenmi\u015f yataklar tipik olarak 1-3. y\u0131llarda 5-12% daha y\u00fcksek ta\u00e7 hayatta kalma oran\u0131 g\u00f6sterir) = kurulum yo\u011funlu\u011funun korunmas\u0131ndan elde edilen verimde 300-800 \u00a3 ek kazan\u00e7. Toplam fayda NPV (25 y\u0131l boyunca 4% iskonto oran\u0131yla): 800-1.600 \u00a3'luk temizleme maliyetine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131k 8.000-18.000 \u00a3. Ku\u015fkonmaz i\u00e7in ta\u015f temizleme, ticari sebze \u00fcretiminde ekim \u00f6ncesi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n en y\u00fcksek yat\u0131r\u0131m getirisi katlar\u0131ndan birini sa\u011flar - \u00fcretim d\u00f6nemi boyunca tipik olarak 5:1 ila 12:1. Korea Watanabe, ku\u015fkonmaz ekim alan\u0131n\u0131z, pazarlama kanal\u0131n\u0131z ve mevcut toprak ta\u015f yo\u011funlu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirmenize dayanarak \u00e7iftli\u011finize \u00f6zel bir yat\u0131r\u0131m getirisi (ROI) hesaplamas\u0131 yapabilir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

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Ku\u015fkonmaz \u00c7iftli\u011fi \u0130\u00e7in Kaya K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u2014 Beyaz ve Ye\u015fil \u00dcretim \u0130\u00e7in Ta\u00e7 B\u00f6lgesi Spesifikasyonu<\/p>\n

Beyaz veya ye\u015fil + ku\u015fkonmaz ekim alan\u0131 + toprak tipi (\u0130ngiltere kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 \/ Almanya kumu \/ tebe\u015fir-\u00e7akmakta\u015f\u0131) + yeni dikim veya yeniden dikim + mevcut trakt\u00f6r beygir g\u00fcc\u00fc \u2192 Korea Watanabe do\u011fru \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc sunar ku\u015fkonmaz \u00e7iftli\u011fi i\u00e7in kaya k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131<\/a> Teknik \u00f6zellikler, ta\u00e7 derinli\u011fi temizleme protokol\u00fc ve 25 y\u0131ll\u0131k a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma yat\u0131r\u0131m getirisi hesaplamas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kore Watanabe Rock Crusher Tractor Co., Ltd. \u2014 Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Ku\u015fkonmaz Sitesi \u00d6zelliklerini Al\u0131n<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Edit\u00f6r: Cxm<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

25 yr Crown productive life 3 yr Wait for first harvest 20\u201325 cm Critical crown depth \u2014 stone-free required Stone in crown zone = 25 yr dead spot permanent \u2014 no recovery ASPARAGUS APPLICATION UK \u00b7 GERMANY \u00b7 SPAIN \u00b7 PERU Rock Crusher for Asparagus Farm \u2014 Plantation Preparation Guide Every crop in this series […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-945","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-application-and-technical-guid"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=945"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/945\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":948,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/945\/revisions\/948"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}