{"id":858,"date":"2026-05-29T07:45:45","date_gmt":"2026-05-29T07:45:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/?p=858"},"modified":"2026-05-29T07:45:45","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T07:45:45","slug":"soil-reclamation-stone-clearing-organic-matter-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/soil-reclamation-stone-clearing-organic-matter-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Ta\u015f Temizleme Sonras\u0131 Toprak Islah\u0131: OM Yap\u0131 K\u0131lavuzu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Toprak Bilimi \u00b7 Uzun Vadeli \u00c7iftlik Geli\u015fimi<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f Temizleme Sonras\u0131 Toprak Islah\u0131: OM Yap\u0131 K\u0131lavuzu<\/h1>\n

Kore y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 granit topraklar\u0131n\u0131n organik madde i\u00e7eri\u011fi 0,5\u20131,21 TP5T ile ba\u015flar. Y\u00fcksek verimli y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 tar\u0131m i\u00e7in 2,5\u20133,51 TP5T gereklidir. Bu a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 kapatmak i\u00e7in 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k y\u00f6netim program\u0131 \u2013 temizlenmi\u015f alandan ba\u015flayarak \u2013 her THOR 2.4 operat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn ta\u015f temizli\u011finden sonra yapmas\u0131 gereken ikinci yat\u0131r\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Toprak \u0130yile\u015ftirme Plan\u0131 Dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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O THOR 2.4 ta\u015f k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131<\/a>\u00a0Bu y\u00f6ntem, tarlay\u0131 hemen 1. s\u0131n\u0131f standartta i\u015flenebilir hale getirir. Ancak \"hemen i\u015flenebilir\" olmak, \"tam verimli\" olmakla ayn\u0131 \u015fey de\u011fildir. Yeni temizlenmi\u015f bir Kore yayla tarlas\u0131nda fiziksel engeller kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; granit par\u00e7alar\u0131 art\u0131k k\u00f6k geli\u015fimini engellemez veya hasat \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine zarar vermez; ancak \u00e7o\u011fu durumda, mineralojik olarak gen\u00e7, biyolojik aktivitesi ve organik madde i\u00e7eri\u011fi \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir toprak olarak kal\u0131r. Bu biyolojik verimlili\u011fi olu\u015fturmak, \u00e7iftli\u011fin tam ticari potansiyeline ula\u015f\u0131p ula\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen uzun vadeli bir i\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f temizli\u011finden sonra toprak \u0131slah\u0131<\/strong> Bu bir iyile\u015ftirme program\u0131 de\u011fil; Kore yayla granit arazilerinde y\u00f6netilen tar\u0131msal toprak geli\u015fiminin normal seyridir. Kore yayla topraklar\u0131 jeolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan gen\u00e7tir ve \u00f6nceden var olan organik karbon oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck granit ana kaya \u00fczerinde yer almaktad\u0131r. \u0130yi y\u00f6netilen bir Kore yayla \u00e7iftli\u011finde bug\u00fcn bulunan organik madde, on y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren \u00fcr\u00fcn kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, kire\u00e7 uygulamas\u0131 ve biyolojik aktivite ile olu\u015fmu\u015ftur; ana kayadan miras al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu k\u0131lavuz, temizlenmi\u015f tarla ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200bnoktas\u0131ndan bu olu\u015fumu h\u0131zland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in y\u00f6netim \u00e7er\u00e7evesini sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Kore'deki y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 granit topraklar\u0131n\u0131n organik madde i\u00e7eri\u011finin neden 0,5\u20131,21 TP5T ile ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sebebi<\/h2>\n

\"THOR<\/p>\n

Organik madde i\u00e7eri\u011fi, iki rakip s\u00fcrecin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr: organik madde girdileri (\u00fcr\u00fcn kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131, k\u00f6kler, g\u00fcbre, \u00f6rt\u00fc bitkileri) ve organik madde ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 (mikrobiyal par\u00e7alanma, s\u00fcz\u00fclme, oksidasyon). Uzun bir tar\u0131m ge\u00e7mi\u015fine sahip \u0131l\u0131man ova topraklar\u0131nda, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7ler aras\u0131ndaki denge, 3\u20136% aras\u0131nda organik madde seviyeleri \u00fcretir. Kore y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 granit topraklar\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6zel nedenden dolay\u0131 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir dengeye ula\u015f\u0131r:<\/p>\n

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\u2460<\/div>\n
Granit ana kaya\u00e7, minimum d\u00fczeyde organik \u00f6nc\u00fc madde i\u00e7erir.<\/strong> Kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 k\u00f6kenli topraklardan (asitli\u011fi dengeleyen ve mikrobiyal topluluklar\u0131 destekleyen \u00f6nemli miktarda kalsiyum ve magnezyum i\u00e7erirler) veya tortul topraklardan (jeolojik kaynaklardan \u00f6nceden birikmi\u015f organik karbon i\u00e7erirler) farkl\u0131 olarak, Kore yaylalar\u0131ndaki granodiyorit, esasen s\u0131f\u0131r organik karbon i\u00e7eri\u011fine sahip kristal yap\u0131l\u0131 bir magmatik kayad\u0131r. Kore yaylalar\u0131ndaki toprakta bulunan her gram organik madde, \u00fcst toprak olu\u015fumundan bu yana biyolojik s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir; jeolojik bir miras s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Bu nedenle, arazi temizli\u011finden sonraki ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200bnoktas\u0131, belirli alan\u0131n biyolojik aktivite seviyesidir ve bu seviye, yeni temizlenmi\u015f arazilerde genellikle \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u2461<\/div>\n
K\u0131sa b\u00fcy\u00fcme mevsimleri, y\u0131ll\u0131k organik girdi miktar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong> 600 m rak\u0131mda ve 90-110 g\u00fcnl\u00fck donma olmayan d\u00f6nemde, Kore yayla topraklar\u0131 y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 4-5 ay boyunca bitki kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 girdisi almaktad\u0131r. 200+ donma olmayan g\u00fcne sahip al\u00e7ak rak\u0131ml\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde ise ayn\u0131 toprak, ayn\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn dizisinden y\u0131ll\u0131k organik girdinin iki kat\u0131n\u0131 alabilir. K\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme mevsimi, ayn\u0131 organik madde hedefine ula\u015fman\u0131n, e\u015fde\u011fer y\u00f6netimle e\u015fde\u011fer al\u00e7ak rak\u0131ml\u0131 ko\u015fullara g\u00f6re 600 m rak\u0131mda yakla\u015f\u0131k iki kat daha uzun s\u00fcrmesi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u2462<\/div>\n
Ta\u015flarla par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f topra\u011f\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7taki biyolojik aktivitesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/strong> Ta\u015f par\u00e7alama ve toplama i\u015flemi, topra\u011f\u0131n mevcut biyolojik toplulu\u011funu bozmaktad\u0131r. THOR 2.4 temizli\u011finin fiziksel bozulmas\u0131, temizlenen b\u00f6lgedeki solucan pop\u00fclasyonunu ve mikorizal a\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7ici olarak azalt\u0131r. Bu, temizleme i\u015fleminin beklenen k\u0131sa vadeli bir maliyetidir; toprak yerle\u015ftikten ve organik girdiler ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra, genellikle 1-2 b\u00fcy\u00fcme mevsimi i\u00e7inde biyolojik aktivite h\u0131zla iyile\u015fir; ancak bu, biyolojik organik madde olu\u015fturma mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200bnoktas\u0131nda ge\u00e7ici olarak azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Kore da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgelerindeki granitlerde etkili olan \u00fc\u00e7 organik madde yolu<\/h2>\n

Kore'nin y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 granit topraklar\u0131nda t\u00fcm organik madde y\u00f6netimi stratejileri e\u015fit derecede etkili de\u011fildir. Kore'nin y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir organik madde art\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00f6ntem vard\u0131r ve bunlar birle\u015ftirildi\u011finde sinerjik olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar:<\/p>\n

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Organik girdi kayna\u011f\u0131<\/th>\nTopra\u011fa eklenen organik madde (kg\/ha kuru madde)<\/th>\nC:N oran\u0131<\/th>\nNet OM% art\u0131\u015f\u0131 \/ y\u0131l<\/th>\n\u00d6nemli notlar<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca ye\u015fil g\u00fcbresi (kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f)<\/td>\n3.000\u20135.000<\/td>\n12:1\u201318:1<\/td>\n+0.15\u20130.25%<\/td>\nD\u00fc\u015f\u00fck C:N oran\u0131 = h\u0131zl\u0131 ayr\u0131\u015fma, h\u0131zl\u0131 azot sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca atmosferden 80\u2013150 kg N\/ha tutar; bu da maliyetle 160\u2013300 kg \u00fcre\/ha'ya e\u015fde\u011ferdir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Patates sap\u0131 (dahil)<\/td>\n1.200\u20132.000<\/td>\n20:1\u201325:1<\/td>\n+0.05\u20130.10%<\/td>\nSadece ge\u00e7 yan\u0131kl\u0131k hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmayan \u00e7e\u015fitlerden se\u00e7in. Asman\u0131n imha zamanlamas\u0131, topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma uygunlu\u011funu belirler. Yan\u0131kl\u0131k hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bula\u015fm\u0131\u015f saplar\u0131 topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tah\u0131l saman\u0131 (k\u0131\u015f \u00e7avdar\u0131, sonbaharda ekilen)<\/td>\n3.500\u20135.500<\/td>\n60:1\u201380:1<\/td>\n+0.10\u20130.18%<\/td>\nY\u00fcksek C:N oran\u0131 = yava\u015f ayr\u0131\u015fma, azot immobilizasyonu riski. Bitki azot eksikli\u011fini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma s\u0131ras\u0131nda hektar ba\u015f\u0131na 20 kg N ilave edin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kompostlanm\u0131\u015f hayvan g\u00fcbresi<\/td>\n10 tonluk uygulamada 2.000\u20134.000 adet<\/td>\n15:1\u201320:1<\/td>\n+0.12\u20130.20%<\/td>\nEn etkili organik madde olu\u015fturucu maddedir ancak hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131lmayan y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7iftliklerde bulunabilirli\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Uygulama oran\u0131 limiti: GAP uyumlulu\u011fu i\u00e7in RDA ile teyit edin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Turp\/lahana art\u0131\u011f\u0131 (katk\u0131l\u0131)<\/td>\n800\u20131.500<\/td>\n10:1\u201315:1<\/td>\n+0.03\u20130.07%<\/td>\nOrganik madde katk\u0131s\u0131 m\u00fctevaz\u0131 olsa da, rotasyon s\u00fcresince toprak yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve mikrobiyal \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi korumak i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmeldir. Rotasyona dahil edin, ancak yaln\u0131zca ona g\u00fcvenmeyin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

OM% art\u0131\u015f rakamlar\u0131, 600 m rak\u0131m, \u0131l\u0131man s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve iyi drene edilmi\u015f granit toprak ko\u015fullar\u0131nda Kore yaylalar\u0131 i\u00e7in temsili y\u0131ll\u0131k tahminlerdir. Ger\u00e7ek art\u0131\u015flar toprak s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, neme, mevcut biyolojik aktiviteye ve toprak i\u015fleme y\u00f6netimine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Kaynak: Kore K\u0131rsal Kalk\u0131nma \u0130daresi (RDA) toprak y\u00f6netimi k\u0131lavuzu ve Kore Watanabe saha g\u00f6zlem verileri.<\/p>\n

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Ta\u015f Temizlemenin Organik Madde Olu\u015fumunu Nas\u0131l Sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2014 Do\u011frudan Organik Madde Olu\u015fturmakla Ayn\u0131 \u015eey De\u011fil<\/h2>\n

THOR 2.4 ta\u015f temizleme i\u015fleminin organik maddeye ne gibi katk\u0131lar sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ne gibi katk\u0131lar sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda net olmak \u00f6nemlidir. Ta\u015f k\u0131rma ve toplama i\u015flemi topra\u011fa do\u011frudan organik karbon eklemez; organik madde eklemek yerine malzeme (ta\u015f) uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Ta\u015f temizleme i\u015fleminin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey, organik madde olu\u015fumunun temizlenmemi\u015f arazilere g\u00f6re daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve daha eksiksiz bir \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in fiziksel ve biyolojik bir olanakt\u0131r:<\/p>\n

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Daha derin k\u00f6k penetrasyonu<\/p>\n

Ta\u015fs\u0131z toprak, \u00f6rt\u00fc bitkisi k\u00f6klerinin ta\u015fl\u0131 zemindeki 10-15 cm derinli\u011fe k\u0131yasla 30-40 cm derinli\u011fe kadar n\u00fcfuz etmesine olanak tan\u0131r. Derinlikteki k\u00f6k biyok\u00fctlesi, y\u00fczey oksidasyonuna kar\u015f\u0131 en kararl\u0131 oldu\u011fu y\u00fczey alt\u0131 b\u00f6lgesine organik karbon ekler. PSW-3200, bu derin k\u00f6k biyok\u00fctlesini toprak i\u015fleme ge\u00e7i\u015fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda topra\u011fa entegre ederek, i\u015flenmi\u015f profil boyunca da\u011f\u0131t\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Tekd\u00fcze \u00f6rt\u00fc bitkisi yeti\u015ftirilmesi<\/p>\n

THOR 2.4 temizli\u011finden sonra ince toprak i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemiyle haz\u0131rlanan PSW-3200 tohum yataklar\u0131, \u00f6rt\u00fc bitkileri i\u00e7in d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7imlenme ve \u00f6rt\u00fc kapanmas\u0131 sa\u011flar. D\u00fczg\u00fcn ve yo\u011fun bir k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca tarlas\u0131, tohum yerle\u015fimi ve \u00e7imlenmesinin y\u00fczey ta\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bozuldu\u011fu ta\u015fl\u0131 zemindeki d\u00fczensiz bir tarlaya k\u0131yasla hektar ba\u015f\u0131na 40-601 TP5T daha fazla biyok\u00fctle sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Etkin organik madde entegrasyonu<\/p>\n

O PSW-3200 rotavat\u00f6r<\/a>\u00a0Ta\u015fs\u0131z bir tarlada, ye\u015fil g\u00fcbre ve bitki kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 25 cm derinli\u011fe kadar tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilir. Ta\u015fl\u0131 zeminde ise, t\u0131rm\u0131k u\u00e7lar\u0131 tahmin edilemeyen derinliklerde ta\u015flarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r; bu da kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma homojenli\u011fini azalt\u0131r ve y\u00fczeyde yava\u015f\u00e7a ayr\u0131\u015fan, toprak alt\u0131nda organik madde olu\u015fumunu engelleyen, topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015fmam\u0131\u015f kal\u0131nt\u0131 k\u00fcmeleri b\u0131rak\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Solucanlar\u0131n yeniden kolonizasyonu<\/p>\n

Kore y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda organik maddenin mekanik olarak yeniden da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda birincil rol oynayan solucanlar, ta\u015f matrisi nedeniyle kazma i\u015flemleri engellendi\u011fi i\u00e7in ta\u015f bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yo\u011fun topraklarda etkili bir \u015fekilde kolonile\u015femezler. Temizleme i\u015fleminden sonra, solucan pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 2-3 mevsim i\u00e7inde toparlan\u0131r ve yaln\u0131zca makinelerle taklit edilmesi imkans\u0131z olan organik maddenin derinlere kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na ba\u015flar. Derinli\u011fe b\u0131rak\u0131lan her solucan d\u0131\u015fk\u0131s\u0131, toprak profilinde y\u0131llarca kal\u0131c\u0131 olan, kararl\u0131, mikrobiyal olarak i\u015flenmi\u015f organik madde birimidir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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10 Y\u0131ll\u0131k Organik Madde Geli\u015fim Y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi \u2014 Y\u00f6netilen ve Y\u00f6netilmeyen Alanlar\u0131n Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h2>\n

\"\u0130yi<\/p>\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki grafik, yak\u0131n zamanda a\u011fa\u00e7lardan temizlenmi\u015f y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 araziler i\u00e7in standart 0,8% OM seviyesinden ba\u015flayarak, iki y\u00f6netim senaryosu alt\u0131nda Kore'deki bir y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 granit tarlas\u0131n\u0131 temsil etmektedir: aktif OM y\u00f6netimi (baklagil rotasyonu, kompost, kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131) ve pasif y\u00f6netim (sadece ana \u00fcr\u00fcnler, minimum kal\u0131nt\u0131 geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc).<\/p>\n

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Organik Madde % Geli\u015fimi \u2014 Aktif ve Pasif Y\u00f6netim<\/p>\n

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0. Y\u0131l (i\u015flemlerin tamamlanmas\u0131ndan sonra)<\/span>\u0130kisi de: 0.8% \u2014 temizlenmi\u015f granit taban \u00e7izgisi<\/span><\/div>\n
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0.8%<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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3. Y\u0131l<\/span><\/div>\n
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Aktif y\u00f6netim<\/span><\/p>\n

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1.4%<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Pasif y\u00f6netim<\/span><\/p>\n

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1.1%<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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5. S\u0131n\u0131f<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n

Aktif y\u00f6netim<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
1.9%<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

Pasif y\u00f6netim<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
1.3%<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
7. S\u0131n\u0131f<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n

Aktif y\u00f6netim<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
2.5%<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

Pasif y\u00f6netim<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
1.5%<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
10. S\u0131n\u0131f<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n

Aktif y\u00f6netim<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
3.1% \u2713 HEDEF<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

Pasif y\u00f6netim<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
1.7%<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Bu tahminler, Kore y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 RDA toprak y\u00f6netimi verileri ve Kore Watanabe saha g\u00f6zlemlerine dayanarak g\u00f6sterge niteli\u011findedir. Bireysel saha sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, rak\u0131m, ya\u011f\u0131\u015f, s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve y\u00f6netim yo\u011funlu\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Aktif ve pasif y\u00f6netim aras\u0131ndaki fark her y\u0131l geni\u015fleyerek 10. y\u0131lda OM%'de neredeyse 2 kat\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131yor. Bu fark do\u011frudan tar\u0131msal verimlili\u011fe yans\u0131yor: 3,1% OM'de, Kore'nin y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 patates tarlalar\u0131, 1,7% OM'ye k\u0131yasla cm ba\u015f\u0131na 35-40% daha fazla bitki taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131labilir su tutuyor, e\u015fde\u011fer verim hedefleri i\u00e7in 20-25% daha az mineral azotlu g\u00fcbre gerektiriyor ve \u00f6zellikle do\u011fal olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck fosforlu Kore granit topra\u011f\u0131nda fosfor al\u0131m verimlili\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131ran mikorizal topluluklar\u0131 destekliyor.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Baklagil Y\u0131l\u0131 Protokol\u00fc \u2014 En Uygun Maliyetli Organik Tar\u0131m Yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n

Kore'deki y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7iftliklerde uygulanabilecek t\u00fcm organik madde olu\u015fturma y\u00f6ntemleri aras\u0131nda, rotasyon pozisyonlar\u0131ndan birinin tamamen k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca veya nakit \u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7ermeyen bir baklagil kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6zel olarak baklagil \u00f6rt\u00fc bitkisi ekilen y\u0131l, azot fiksasyonunun olu\u015fturulan organik maddenin besin maliyetini etkili bir \u015fekilde s\u00fcbvanse etmesi nedeniyle, en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetle en y\u00fcksek organik madde ilavesini s\u00fcrekli olarak sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n
Baklagil Y\u0131l Takvimi \u2014 Kore Yaylas\u0131 600m (k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca ana bitki)<\/div>\n
\n
A\u011fustos\u2013Eyl\u00fcl (N Y\u0131l\u0131)<\/div>\n

Ana \u00fcr\u00fcn hasad\u0131ndan sonra, PSW-3200 ile haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ince toprak y\u00fczeyine hektar ba\u015f\u0131na 15-20 kg k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca tohumu ekin. Erken ekim, ilk dondan \u00f6nce k\u00f6klerin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca, 600 m rak\u0131mda taban rozeti \u015feklinde k\u0131\u015flar ve ertesi y\u0131l\u0131n Nisan-May\u0131s aylar\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine devam eder.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
Nisan\u2013Haziran (N+1. Y\u0131l)<\/div>\n

K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme evresi. Bitki boyu Haziran sonuna kadar 40-60 cm'ye ula\u015f\u0131r. Bu a\u015famada biyok\u00fctle: Toprak \u00fcst\u00fcnde 3.500-5.000 kg kuru madde\/hektar + buna e\u015fde\u011fer toprak alt\u0131 k\u00f6k k\u00fctlesi. Azot fiksasyonu: Bitki dokusunda ve toprak nod\u00fcllerinde 80-150 kg N\/hektar birikir. Topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce bi\u00e7meyin \u2014 maksimum organik madde, \u00e7i\u00e7eklenmeden sonra de\u011fil, tam vejetatif b\u00fcy\u00fcme d\u00f6neminde topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda verilir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
Haziran sonu (N+1. y\u0131l)<\/div>\n

PSW-3200'\u00fcn 20-25 cm derinlikte entegrasyonu.<\/strong> Ayakta duran k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca bitkisini, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma derinli\u011finde tam bir PSW-3200 ge\u00e7i\u015fiyle topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. PSW-3200'\u00fcn ince di\u015fleri ye\u015fil malzemeyi par\u00e7alar ve toprak profiline homojen bir \u015fekilde kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma s\u0131ras\u0131nda 20 kg N\/ha mineral azot uygulay\u0131n; bu, y\u00fcksek C:N oran\u0131na sahip taze kesilmi\u015f ye\u015fil malzemenin topra\u011fa eklenmesiyle olu\u015fan k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli azot immobilizasyonunu \u00f6nler (ilk par\u00e7alanma a\u015famas\u0131nda topraktaki mikroplarla mevcut azot i\u00e7in rekabet eder).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
Temmuz\u2013A\u011fustos (N+1. Y\u0131l)<\/div>\n

Topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan 2-4 hafta sonra, ye\u015fil g\u00fcbre aktif olarak ayr\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flar. Temmuz sonuna do\u011fru (Kore y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerindeki 20-25\u00b0C'lik yaz s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131nda topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan 3-4 hafta sonra), kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan malzeme bir sonraki rotasyon \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7in tohum yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlayacak kadar par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f olur. Ye\u015fil g\u00fcbreden sal\u0131nan azot (70-120 kg N\/ha e\u015fde\u011feri) art\u0131k bir sonraki \u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir durumdad\u0131r ve bu da N+1 y\u0131l\u0131nda mineral azotlu g\u00fcbre ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n


\n\"Organik<\/p>\n

C:N Oran\u0131 \u2014 PSW-3200'\u00fcn Dahil Edilme Zamanlamas\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6nemi<\/h2>\n

\"Ta\u015flardan<\/p>\n

Topra\u011fa kat\u0131lan organik maddenin karbon-azot (C:N) oran\u0131, toprakta ne kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve mevcut azotu ge\u00e7ici olarak ba\u011flay\u0131p ba\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (azot immobilizasyonu) veya serbest b\u0131rak\u0131p b\u0131rakmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (azot mineralizasyonu) belirler. Bu ayr\u0131m, Kore'deki y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7iftliklerdeki \u00fcr\u00fcn y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in pratik sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\n
\n

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck C:N oran\u0131 (20:1'in alt\u0131nda) \u2014 ye\u015fil malzeme, baklagiller<\/p>\n

Toprak mikroplar\u0131, ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131ndan daha fazla azot bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in malzemeyi h\u0131zla ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r; fazla azot, bitkiler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131labilir amonyum ve nitrat olarak topra\u011fa sal\u0131n\u0131r. Net sonu\u00e7: azot bir sonraki \u00fcr\u00fcne aktar\u0131l\u0131r. Topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan ye\u015fil malzeme, Kore y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 yaz s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131nda 3-6 hafta i\u00e7inde humusa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. \u015eirketle\u015fme zamanlamas\u0131:<\/strong> Bu malzemeler, azot eksikli\u011fi riski olmadan 3-4 hafta sonra topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p hasat edilebilir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Y\u00fcksek C:N oran\u0131 (30:1'in \u00fczerinde) \u2014 tah\u0131l saman\u0131, olgun saplar<\/p>\n

Mikroorganizmalar maddeyi daha yava\u015f ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r, ancak bunu yapmak i\u00e7in nitrojene ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar; aktif ayr\u0131\u015fma a\u015famas\u0131nda topra\u011f\u0131n mevcut nitrojen havuzundan nitrojen \u00e7ekerler. Sonu\u00e7: Ayr\u0131\u015fma a\u015famas\u0131nda ekilen herhangi bir \u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7in ge\u00e7ici nitrojen a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131. \u015eirketle\u015fme zamanlamas\u0131:<\/strong> Ekime 4-6 hafta kala tah\u0131l saman\u0131 ve y\u00fcksek C:N oranl\u0131 kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n ve kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma s\u0131ras\u0131nda ilave azot (20-30 kg N\/ha) ekleyin. Y\u00fcksek C:N oranl\u0131 materyali asla ana \u00fcr\u00fcn geli\u015fim a\u015famas\u0131ndan hemen \u00f6nce veya bu a\u015fama s\u0131ras\u0131nda topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u00d6rt\u00fc bitkisi ekiminden sonra patates veya turpta azot eksikli\u011fi belirtileri g\u00f6zlemleyen Koreli y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7iler, genellikle yanl\u0131\u015f zamanlanm\u0131\u015f veya takviye edilmemi\u015f tah\u0131l saman\u0131 ekiminden kaynaklanan bu azot immobilizasyon etkisini ya\u015f\u0131yorlar. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm, saman ekimini durdurmak de\u011fil (organik madde katk\u0131s\u0131 de\u011ferlidir), ancak immobilizasyon penceresinin \u00fcr\u00fcn geli\u015fimiyle \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in ekim zamanlamas\u0131n\u0131 ve takviye azot uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmektir.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Toprak Biyolojisinin \u0130yile\u015fmesi \u2014 Solucanlar\u0131n ve Mikorizalar\u0131n Geri D\u00f6nmesi Ne Zaman Beklenmeli?<\/h2>\n

Kore'deki y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 bir alanda, a\u011fa\u00e7 kesimi yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan ve kontroll\u00fc organik madde girdilerinin ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan sonra biyolojik topluluk \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir bir iyile\u015fme s\u00fcreci izler. Biyolojik aktivite iyile\u015fme g\u00f6stergelerinin izlenmesi, toprak \u0131slah program\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru yolda oldu\u011funu do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in pratik bir y\u00f6ntemdir:<\/p>\n

\n
1-2. S\u0131n\u0131f:<\/span>
\nBakteri pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 ilk organik girdiden sonraki aylarda toparlan\u0131r. Bu durum, topra\u011f\u0131n ufalanabilirli\u011finde iyile\u015fme ve yeni temizlenmi\u015f granit topra\u011f\u0131 karakterize eden sert kabuklu y\u00fczeyin azalmas\u0131 \u015feklinde kendini g\u00f6sterir. Toprak i\u015fleme ge\u00e7i\u015fleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda solucanlara nadiren rastlan\u0131r.<\/div>\n
3-4. S\u0131n\u0131f:<\/span>
\nSolucan pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 ya\u015fayabilir bir yo\u011funlu\u011fa ula\u015f\u0131r; 0,25 m\u00b2 toprak \u00e7ekirde\u011fi \u00f6rne\u011finde (30 cm derinlik) 5-10 solucan\u0131n ilk do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f say\u0131m\u0131, i\u015flevsel bir biyolojik toplulu\u011fun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Rizosferde mikorizal a\u011flar aktif hale gelir. Mikorizal fosfor kayna\u011f\u0131 mineral g\u00fcbreyi tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6rt\u00fc bitkisi biyok\u00fctlesi belirgin \u015fekilde artar.<\/div>\n
5-7. S\u0131n\u0131flar:<\/span>
\nSolucan say\u0131s\u0131 0,25 m\u00b2 ba\u015f\u0131na 15-25'e ula\u015f\u0131r; bu, \u00f6nemli biyolojik toprak i\u015fleme katk\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015flevsel e\u015fiktir. G\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr agregasyon geli\u015fmeye ba\u015flar: Toprak art\u0131k gev\u015fek yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in her y\u0131l tam bir PSW-3200 ge\u00e7i\u015fine ihtiya\u00e7 duymaz. E\u015fde\u011fer verim hedeflerinde, mineral g\u00fcbre gereksinimleri 1. y\u0131l temel de\u011ferine k\u0131yasla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir \u015fekilde azalmaya ba\u015flar.<\/div>\n
10. S\u0131n\u0131f ve \u00fczeri:<\/span>
\n\u0130yi y\u00f6netilen bir Kore yayla tarlas\u0131nda, bu a\u015famada 0,25 m\u00b2 ba\u015f\u0131na 30-50 solucan say\u0131s\u0131, g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr toprak agregasyonu, s\u00fcrekli olarak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir 2,51 TP5T'nin \u00fczerinde organik madde ve g\u00fcbre ihtiyac\u0131 1. y\u0131l bazal de\u011ferlerinin 15-251 TP5T alt\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Toprak, temizlenmi\u015f bir granit alt tabakadan, y\u00f6netilen girdilerin her ek y\u0131l\u0131yla verimlilik art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131ran verimli bir tar\u0131m topra\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n
\n
\nBirinci y\u0131lda ta\u015f temizli\u011finden sonra, \u00fcretim sezonunu kaybetmeden topra\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l iyile\u015ftirebilirim?<\/summary>\n

Arazi temizli\u011finden sonraki 1. y\u0131l, \u00f6zel bir \u00f6rt\u00fc bitkisi y\u0131l\u0131 olmak zorunda de\u011fildir; organik madde birikimi sa\u011flan\u0131rken ayn\u0131 anda nakit getiren bir \u00fcr\u00fcn de yeti\u015ftirilebilir. Kore'deki y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 patates tarlalar\u0131 i\u00e7in en etkili 1. y\u0131l kombinasyonu \u015f\u00f6yledir: Arazi temizli\u011fi ve PSW-3200 haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan sonra Nisan-May\u0131s aylar\u0131nda patates ekimini normal \u015fekilde yap\u0131n, ard\u0131ndan ikinci toprak y\u0131\u011fma i\u015fleminde (Haziran) patates s\u0131ralar\u0131 aras\u0131na 8-10 kg\/ha oran\u0131nda k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca ekin. K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca, sap \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131ndaki patates s\u0131ralar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015fluklarda yerle\u015fir ve A\u011fustos ay\u0131ndaki patates hasad\u0131ndan sonra temizlenmi\u015f tarla y\u00fczeyini h\u0131zla kaplar. Ekim ay\u0131na kadar k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca, k\u0131\u015f boyunca hayatta kalan ve bir sonraki ana \u00fcr\u00fcnden \u00f6nce ilkbaharda topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bir k\u0131\u015f \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc olarak yerle\u015fmi\u015f olur. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, 1. y\u0131l patates \u00fcretiminden \u00f6d\u00fcn vermeden tam bir baklagil organik madde olu\u015fturma d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc ekler.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\nTHOR 2.4 ta\u015f temizleme i\u015flemi, topra\u011f\u0131n organik madde i\u00e7eri\u011fini etkiler mi?<\/summary>\n

THOR 2.4 ta\u015f temizleme i\u015flemi topra\u011fa organik madde eklemez; inorganik olan ta\u015f malzemeyi uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, temizleme i\u015flemi, rotorun \u00fcst 25-30 cm'lik k\u0131sm\u0131 par\u00e7alay\u0131p kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131yla, mevcut toprak organik maddesini profil boyunca ge\u00e7ici olarak yeniden da\u011f\u0131t\u0131r. Bu yeniden da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m, daha derin, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck organik madde i\u00e7eri\u011fine sahip alt toprakla kar\u0131\u015farak y\u00fczeydeki organik madde konsantrasyonunu seyreltir. Temizlenmi\u015f profildeki hektar ba\u015f\u0131na toplam organik madde \u00fczerindeki net etki yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak n\u00f6trd\u00fcr; organik madde yeniden da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r, kaybolmaz. Daha \u00f6nemli etki, temizlemenin, \u00f6rt\u00fc bitkisi k\u00f6klerinin derinlikte tam olarak geli\u015fmesini engelleyen fiziksel bariyeri (ta\u015f yo\u011funlu\u011fu) ortadan kald\u0131rmas\u0131d\u0131r; bu da sonraki y\u0131llarda daha h\u0131zl\u0131 organik madde birikimine olanak tan\u0131r. Bu nedenle, temizlemeden hemen sonra yap\u0131lan toprak testi, temizlemeden \u00f6ncekinden biraz daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck OM% g\u00f6sterebilir (kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seyreltmesi nedeniyle), ancak y\u00f6netilen temizlenmi\u015f bir tarladaki 3 y\u0131ll\u0131k geli\u015fim, e\u015fde\u011fer temizlenmemi\u015f bir tarladan daha iyi sonu\u00e7 verir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\nKore'nin y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 granit topraklar\u0131nda organik madde olu\u015fum s\u00fcreci, ova b\u00f6lgelerindeki tar\u0131m arazilerine k\u0131yasla nas\u0131l bir seyir izler?<\/summary>\n

Kore y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 granit topraklarda aktif y\u00f6netimle 0,8%'den 3,0%'ye kadar organik madde (OM) birikimi yakla\u015f\u0131k 8-12 y\u0131l s\u00fcrer; bu s\u00fcre, Kore al\u00e7ak rak\u0131ml\u0131 al\u00fcvyal topraklarda e\u015fde\u011fer y\u00f6netime g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k iki kat daha uzundur. Bunun nedenleri \u00f6ncelikle iklimseldir: Daha k\u0131sa b\u00fcy\u00fcme mevsimi (600 m'de 90-110 donma olmayan g\u00fcn, al\u00e7ak rak\u0131mlarda ise 200+ g\u00fcn) y\u0131ll\u0131k organik girdi d\u00f6ng\u00fclerinin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck toprak s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 mikrobiyal ayr\u0131\u015fma oranlar\u0131n\u0131 yava\u015flat\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde OM birikiminin daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131z\u0131, bir kez olu\u015ftuktan sonra OM'nin daha fazla kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla dengelenir; 600 m'de daha serin ve nemli ko\u015fullar, al\u00e7ak rak\u0131ml\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerdeki s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda daha h\u0131zl\u0131 olan oksidatif bozunmaya kar\u015f\u0131 OM'nin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 destekler. 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde Kore y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde biriken OM, daha s\u0131cak al\u00e7ak rak\u0131ml\u0131 ko\u015fullarda h\u0131zla biriken e\u015fde\u011fer OM'ye g\u00f6re daha kararl\u0131 ve daha uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olma e\u011filimindedir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\nTemizlenmi\u015f bir tarlada organik madde olu\u015fumunu h\u0131zland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan kompost uygulamal\u0131 m\u0131y\u0131m?<\/summary>\n

Evet, e\u011fer mevcutsa \u2014 kompostlanm\u0131\u015f hayvan g\u00fcbresi (kom\u015fu hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7iftliklerinden veya belediye kompostlama tesislerinden) kendi hayvanlar\u0131na sahip olmayan Kore y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7iftlikleri i\u00e7in en h\u0131zl\u0131 tek uygulamal\u0131k organik madde girdisidir. 10 t\/ha iyi kompostlanm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcbre (nem yakla\u015f\u0131k 40%, kuru a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kta yakla\u015f\u0131k 25% organik madde) uygulamas\u0131, topra\u011fa yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.500 kg organik madde\/ha katk\u0131da bulunur; bu da tek bir uygulamada 2-3 y\u0131ll\u0131k k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca \u00f6rt\u00fc bitkisi organik madde ilavesine e\u015fde\u011ferdir. Pratik k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar, Kore y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerine ula\u015f\u0131m maliyeti (bir\u00e7ok y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7iftlik hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerinden 30-60 km uzakl\u0131ktad\u0131r), g\u00fcbre uygulama kay\u0131tlar\u0131 i\u00e7in GAP sertifikasyonuna uyum gereklilikleri ve yetersiz kompostlanm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcbre yoluyla yabanc\u0131 ot tohumu pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n bula\u015fma riskidir. Korea Watanabe, GAP sertifikal\u0131 tarlalara uygulamadan \u00f6nce, herhangi bir d\u0131\u015f kompost kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, belgelenmi\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131k kay\u0131tlar\u0131na (yeterli yabanc\u0131 ot tohumu \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyi do\u011frulayan) sahip kay\u0131tl\u0131 bir kompostlama tesisinden geldi\u011finin teyit edilmesini \u00f6nermektedir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\nKore y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde patates yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi, organik madde y\u00fczdesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan hangi oranda maksimum verim potansiyeline ula\u015f\u0131r?<\/summary>\n

Kore da\u011flar\u0131 patates makineleri<\/a> \u00dcretim, 2,5\u20133,5% organik madde seviyelerinde neredeyse maksimum verim potansiyeline ula\u015f\u0131r. 3,5%'nin \u00fczerinde, di\u011fer fakt\u00f6rler (azot y\u00f6netimi, sulama planlamas\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fit se\u00e7imi, zararl\u0131 ve hastal\u0131k y\u00f6netimi) organik maddeden \u00f6nce s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 hale geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in, ilave organik maddeden elde edilen verim art\u0131\u015flar\u0131 marjinal hale gelir. 2,0%'nin alt\u0131ndaki organik madde seviyelerinde ise, verim potansiyeli, azalan su tutma kapasitesi, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck mikorizal fosfor tedari\u011fi ve biyolojik topluluktan kaynaklanan besin mineralizasyonunun azalmas\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir \u015fekilde k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131r. Kore'deki y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 patates \u00e7iftlikleri i\u00e7in pratik hedef, ta\u015f temizleme i\u015fleminden sonra 8-10 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde ula\u015f\u0131labilecek 2,5\u20133,0% organik maddedir; bu, uzun vadeli \u00e7iftlik geli\u015ftirme program\u0131 boyunca ta\u015f temizleme yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n tam ticari faydas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i ve ula\u015f\u0131labilir bir hedeftir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Toprak Islah Plan\u0131 \u2014 Temizlenmi\u015f Alandan 3% OM'ye<\/p>\n

Mevcut OM% (toprak analizinden) + temizleme ge\u00e7mi\u015fi + mevcut \u00f6rt\u00fc bitkisi se\u00e7enekleri + rotasyon plan\u0131 \u2192 Baklagil y\u0131l\u0131 takvimi, PSW-3200 uygulama protokol\u00fc ve biyolojik aktivite izleme kilometre ta\u015flar\u0131 ile 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k organik madde olu\u015fturma program\u0131. Korea Watanabe, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do.<\/p>\n

Toprak \u0130yile\u015ftirme Plan\u0131m\u0131 Olu\u015ftur<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Edit\u00f6r: Cxm<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Soil Science \u00b7 Long-Term Farm Development Soil Reclamation After Stone Clearing: OM Building Guide Korean highland granite soil starts at 0.5\u20131.2% organic matter. High-productivity highland farming requires 2.5\u20133.5%. The 10-year management programme to close this gap \u2014 starting from the cleared field \u2014 is the second investment every THOR 2.4 operator must make after the […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-858","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-application-and-technical-guid"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/858","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=858"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/858\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":860,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/858\/revisions\/860"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=858"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=858"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}