{"id":1068,"date":"2026-06-17T03:42:16","date_gmt":"2026-06-17T03:42:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/?p=1068"},"modified":"2026-06-17T03:42:16","modified_gmt":"2026-06-17T03:42:16","slug":"rock-crusher-fig-farm-turkey-california-iran-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/rock-crusher-fig-farm-turkey-california-iran-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ncir \u00c7iftli\u011fi \u0130\u00e7in Kaya K\u0131rma Makinesi \u2014 T\u00fcrkiye, Kaliforniya ve \u0130ran K\u0131lavuzu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u0130NC\u0130R \u00c7\u0130FTL\u0130\u011e\u0130 UYGULAMASI<\/span><\/div>\n

\u0130ncir \u00c7iftli\u011fi \u0130\u00e7in Kaya K\u0131rma Makinesi \u2014 T\u00fcrkiye, Kaliforniya ve \u0130ran K\u0131lavuzu<\/h1>\n

\u0130ncir yaban ar\u0131s\u0131, ostiyolden i\u00e7eri girer. Ta\u015f bariyer, i\u00e7eri girmeden \u00f6nce kap\u0131y\u0131 kapat\u0131r ve d\u00f6llenemeyen bir incir asla sat\u0131lmaya de\u011fer bir incir haline gelmez.<\/p>\n

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1,5 mm<\/div>\n
E\u015fek ar\u0131s\u0131 eri\u015fim e\u015fi\u011fi<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u226548%<\/div>\n
\u015eeker \u2014 1. s\u0131n\u0131f kuru incir<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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T\u00fcrkiye 70%<\/div>\n
D\u00fcnya kuru incir arz\u0131<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0130ncir \u00c7iftli\u011fi Dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u0130ncir (Ficus carica<\/em> (L.) teknik olarak bir meyve de\u011fildir. O, bir sikonyumdur - i\u00e7 y\u00fczeyi y\u00fczlerce minik \u00e7i\u00e7ekle kapl\u0131, i\u00e7i bo\u015f, etli bir kesecik; bunlar\u0131n hepsi d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyadan gizlidir ve tepesindeki ostiyol ad\u0131 verilen tek bir a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131ktan eri\u015filebilir. Bu 39 maddelik k\u0131lavuzdaki di\u011fer t\u00fcm meyve veren bitkilerde, ticari \u00fcr\u00fcn haline gelen \u00e7i\u00e7ekler d\u0131\u015far\u0131dad\u0131r: g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan tozlay\u0131c\u0131lara eri\u015filebilir ve r\u00fczgar\u0131n, ar\u0131lar\u0131n, ku\u015flar\u0131n veya yeti\u015ftiricinin el tozlama aletlerinin ula\u015fabilece\u011fi standart s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve dal konumlar\u0131nda olu\u015furlar. Ticari kuru incirde (Ficus carica<\/em> \u0130zmir grubu (T\u00fcrkiye'nin ihracat pazar\u0131nda bask\u0131n olan Sar\u0131lop \u00e7e\u015fidi ve Kaliforniya'n\u0131n birinci s\u0131n\u0131f kuru incir end\u00fcstrisinin temelini olu\u015fturan Calimyrna \u00e7e\u015fidi), \u00e7i\u00e7ekleri incirin i\u00e7indedir. D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan hi\u00e7bir tozlay\u0131c\u0131 onlara ula\u015famaz. D\u00fcnyada bu tozla\u015fmay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren sadece bir organizma vard\u0131r: Blastophaga psenes<\/em>\u0130ncir yaban ar\u0131s\u0131, ostiyol yoluyla incir a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n meyvesine girer, kapal\u0131 alanda s\u00fcr\u00fcnerek ilerlerken i\u00e7 \u00e7i\u00e7ekleri tozla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve i\u00e7eride \u00f6l\u00fcr. \u0130ncir a\u011fac\u0131, kendi ficin enzimiyle yaban ar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n cesedini sindirir.<\/p>\n

\u0130zmir inciri bah\u00e7esindeki ta\u015f y\u00f6netimi, bu kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 fayda ili\u015fkisini ayn\u0131 anda iki noktada etkiler; bu, daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7bir E-serisi makalesinde ele al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f biyolojik bir karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131kt\u0131r. \u0130zmir inciri a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesindeki ta\u015f, yaban ar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n girebilece\u011fi kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ostiyol\u00fcn olmas\u0131 gereken a\u015famada daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck incirler \u00fcretir. Erkek incir a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesindeki ta\u015f ise daha az erkek incir meyvesi \u00fcretir ve bu nedenle, onlar\u0131 kabul edecek kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck olan \u0130zmir incirlerine girebilecek daha az yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 bulunur. Zorunlu bir biyolojik kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 fayda ili\u015fkisinin her iki taraf\u0131 da ayn\u0131 ta\u015f y\u00f6netimi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle ayn\u0131 anda bozulur. Ve bu kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 fayda ili\u015fkisinin ticari \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olan, d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir \u015fekilde tozla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, tamamen geli\u015fmi\u015f Sar\u0131lop veya Calimyrna inciri, kurutulmu\u015f halinde minimum bir \u015feker konsantrasyonuna ula\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r; bu konsantrasyon, k\u00f6k mineral tedarikinin ta\u015f taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131yla da baltalan\u0131r. Bu k\u0131lavuz \u015funlar\u0131 kapsar: incir \u00e7iftli\u011fi i\u00e7in kaya k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye, Kaliforniya ve \u0130ran genelinde her \u00fc\u00e7 mekanizma arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ba\u015fvuru yap\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

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Syconium Mimarisi \u2014 Ostiole'nin Ta\u015f Y\u00f6netimi Hedefi Olmas\u0131n\u0131n Nedenleri<\/h2>\n

\"T\u00fcrkiye'nin<\/p>\n

\u0130ncir bah\u00e7esinde ta\u015f y\u00f6netiminin ostiyol yoluyla nas\u0131l i\u015fledi\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in, sikonyumun ne oldu\u011funu ve di\u011fer t\u00fcm ticari \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00e7i\u00e7eklerinden nas\u0131l farkl\u0131 i\u015flev g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc anlamak gerekir.<\/p>\n

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Syconium nedir ve ta\u015f tedavisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan neden \u00f6nemlidir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sikonyum, bu cinse \u00f6zg\u00fc benzersiz \u00fcreme yap\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Ficus<\/em> \u2014 i\u00e7i bo\u015f, etli bir kap, kabaca armut bi\u00e7imli ve i\u00e7 y\u00fczeyi y\u00fczlerce k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7i\u00e7ekle kapl\u0131. Ticari kuru incir \u00e7e\u015fitlerinde (Smyrna grubu), i\u00e7 \u00e7i\u00e7ekler iki tiptir: tohum ve yenilebilir ete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen (tozla\u015f\u0131rsa) k\u0131sa sapl\u0131 di\u015fi \u00e7i\u00e7ekler ve incir yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fcreme odalar\u0131 olu\u015fturan safra \u00e7i\u00e7ekleri. Sikonyumun tek d\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan ostiyol, \u00e7i\u00e7ek ta\u015f\u0131yan i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131m ile d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnya aras\u0131ndaki TEK yoldur. R\u00fczgar, ar\u0131lar veya herhangi bir geleneksel tozlay\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in ostiyol ge\u00e7ilemezdir \u2014 \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, \u00e7ok dar yap\u0131l\u0131 ve sadece \u00f6zel olarak yass\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir v\u00fccuda sahip bir yaban ar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ebilece\u011fi, \u00fcst \u00fcste binen braktelerden olu\u015fan bir halka ile kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu mimarinin ticari sonucu: ostiyol yeterince b\u00fcy\u00fckse ve uygun oranlarda bir incir yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 mevcutsa, incir tamamen geli\u015fir. E\u011fer bu ko\u015fullardan herhangi biri ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmezse, i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mdaki \u00e7i\u00e7ekler tozla\u015fmadan kal\u0131r ve incir ya daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaliteli partenokarpik bir meyve \u00fcretir (yayg\u0131n incir \u00e7e\u015fitlerinde) ya da hi\u00e7 normal \u015fekilde geli\u015femez (tamamen yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 tozla\u015fmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olan \u0130zmir \u00e7e\u015fitlerinde).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Ta\u015f k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131 ve ostiyol \u00e7ap\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130zmir incirinin d\u00f6llenmeye haz\u0131r evresinde (i\u00e7 di\u015fi \u00e7i\u00e7eklerin d\u00f6llenmeye haz\u0131r oldu\u011fu, genellikle ye\u015fil incirin nihai boyutunun -80'ine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman) ostiyol \u00e7ap\u0131, o evredeki incirin genel b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Ta\u015fs\u0131z toprakta iyi beslenmi\u015f bir incir, d\u00f6llenmeye haz\u0131r evrede yakla\u015f\u0131k 2,0-2,8 mm'lik bir ostiyol \u00e7ap\u0131yla genetik boyut potansiyelinin tamam\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131r; bu da di\u011fer incir a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 rahatl\u0131kla a\u015far. Blastophaga psenes<\/em> Di\u015fi incir a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6vde geni\u015fli\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131k 1,4\u20131,8 mm'dir. Y\u00fcksek ta\u015f yo\u011funlu\u011funa sahip bir alanda ta\u015fla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir incir a\u011fac\u0131, al\u0131c\u0131 evrede tam genetik boyutunun yaln\u0131zca \u2013851'ine kadar geli\u015fir ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 1,1\u20131,6 mm'lik bir ostiyol olu\u015fturur; bu da yaban ar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n fiziksel giri\u015f gereksiniminin alt\u0131nda veya s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ege \u00dcniversitesi Bah\u00e7e Bitkileri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc'n\u00fcn \u0130zmir ve Ayd\u0131n \u00fcretim b\u00f6lgelerinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin toprak alanlar\u0131nda ta\u015fla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 Sar\u0131lop incir a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n, ayn\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fidin ayn\u0131 kaprifikasyon y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131ndaki ta\u015fs\u0131z e\u015fle\u015ftirilmi\u015f alanlar\u0131na k\u0131yasla \u2013551 daha y\u00fcksek oranda d\u00f6llenmemi\u015f, bo\u015f incir g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini belgelemektedir. Bu, ostiyol-ta\u015f ili\u015fkisidir: biyolojik sistemin dramatik bir \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc de\u011fil, ta\u015f yo\u011funlu\u011fu artt\u0131k\u00e7a ve al\u0131c\u0131 evredeki ortalama incir boyutu azald\u0131k\u00e7a yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 d\u00f6llenmesini ba\u015faran incir oran\u0131nda kademeli bir azalmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Serideki \u00f6nceki tozla\u015fma arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vanilya makalesi (E-34), serideki ilk tozla\u015fmayla ilgili ta\u015f y\u00f6netimi arg\u00fcman\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koydu: destek a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015fla k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131, kritik 8 saatlik zaman dilimi i\u00e7inde elle tozla\u015fma i\u00e7in uygun vanilya \u00e7i\u00e7eklerinin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azaltt\u0131. Bu arg\u00fcman, ta\u015f y\u00f6netimini bitkinin kendi \u00e7i\u00e7eklenme kapasitesi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla tozla\u015fmaya ba\u011flad\u0131. \u0130ncir arg\u00fcman\u0131 bir ad\u0131m daha ileri gidiyor: ta\u015f y\u00f6netimini, DI\u015e TOZLA\u015eTIRICI'n\u0131n ge\u00e7mesi gereken fiziksel ge\u00e7itle ili\u015fkilendiriyor. Vanilya arg\u00fcman\u0131 \u00e7i\u00e7ek say\u0131s\u0131yla ilgiliydi; incir arg\u00fcman\u0131 ise kap\u0131 boyutuyla ilgili. Serideki t\u00fcm tozla\u015fmayla ilgili ta\u015f y\u00f6netimi arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, incir ostiyol arg\u00fcman\u0131 mekanik olarak en do\u011frudan olan\u0131d\u0131r - ta\u015f taraf\u0131ndan bodurla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sikonyum ile i\u00e7ine girmesi gereken biyolojik ajan aras\u0131nda boyutsal bir uyumsuzluktur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Caprifig ve \u0130kili Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u0130li\u015fkinin Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h2>\n

\"T\u00fcrkiye<\/p>\n

\u0130ncir bah\u00e7esindeki ta\u015f y\u00f6netimi zorlu\u011fu, serideki di\u011fer hi\u00e7bir \u00fcr\u00fcnde bulunmayan bir boyuta sahiptir: incir, biyolojik uyum i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan tek de\u011fil, \u0130K\u0130 bitki t\u00fcr\u00fcne ihtiya\u00e7 duyar ve ta\u015f her ikisine de ayn\u0131 anda zarar verebilir. Ticari \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc veren \u0130zmir inciri a\u011fac\u0131, meyve vermesi i\u00e7in erkek, yenmeyen bir \u00e7e\u015fit olan kaprifig a\u011fac\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. Blastophaga psenes<\/em> Onu tozla\u015ft\u0131ran yaban ar\u0131lar\u0131. \u0130kisi de ayn\u0131 meyve bah\u00e7esinde yeti\u015ftiriliyor. \u0130kisinin de k\u00f6kleri ayn\u0131 ta\u015flarla dolu topra\u011fa dayan\u0131yor. \u0130kisi de tek bir temizleme i\u015flemiyle ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lacak ayn\u0131 ta\u015flar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden verimsiz hale geliyor.<\/p>\n

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Kaprifigin rol\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaprifig, tek konak\u00e7\u0131d\u0131r. B. psenes<\/em> \u00dcreme. Yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 yumurtalar\u0131n\u0131 kaprifig meyvelerinin i\u00e7ine b\u0131rak\u0131r; larvalar geli\u015fir, kaprifig poleni ta\u015f\u0131yan yeti\u015fkinler olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar ve daha sonra d\u00f6ng\u00fcy\u00fc tamamlamak i\u00e7in \u0130zmir incir a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131na u\u00e7arlar. Geleneksel T\u00fcrk \u0130zmir incir bah\u00e7elerinde 8-12 \u0130zmir incir a\u011fac\u0131na 1 kaprifig dikilir. Ta\u015fs\u0131z toprakta iyi beslenen bir kaprifig, y\u0131lda 3-5 meyve hasad\u0131 (profichi, mammoni, mamme) verir ve s\u00fcrekli bir yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 kayna\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ta\u015fla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kaprifig: y\u0131lda 1-2 meyve hasad\u0131; daha az, daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck meyveler; meyve ba\u015f\u0131na daha az yaban ar\u0131s\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Ta\u015fla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tek bir kaprifig meyvesi (profichi), en y\u00fcksek \u00fcretim d\u00f6neminde yakla\u015f\u0131k 200-400 yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretir. \u00c7ekirdekli bir kaprifig, 60% daha az\/daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck profichi \u00fcretir; bu da ayn\u0131 Smyrna inciri alan\u0131 i\u00e7in 60% daha az yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Azalan yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 yo\u011funlu\u011fu: baz\u0131 al\u0131c\u0131 Smyrna incirleri, al\u0131c\u0131 pencereleri boyunca (tipik olarak 5-10 g\u00fcn) hi\u00e7 yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 ziyareti almaz. Yeterli ostiole sahip ziyaret edilen incirler \u2192 tozla\u015f\u0131r. Ziyaret edilmeyen incirler \u2192 ostiole b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak tozla\u015fmaz. \u0130ki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k modu (ostiole \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck + yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 yok) \u00e7arp\u0131msal olarak birle\u015fir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Birle\u015fik tozla\u015fma ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k oran\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek ta\u015f yo\u011funlu\u011funa sahip \u0130zmir Sar\u0131lop incir bah\u00e7esi (12\u201325 cm'de kire\u00e7li): En y\u00fcksek sezonda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen tozla\u015fma ba\u015far\u0131 oran\u0131 42\u2013551 TP5T incir. Ta\u015flardan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f e\u015fde\u011fer bah\u00e7e: 78\u2013881 TP5T tozla\u015fma ba\u015far\u0131 oran\u0131. Kaynak: Ege \u00dcniversitesi Ziraat Fak\u00fcltesi, \u0130zmir incir hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve \u00fcretim ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 (2018\u20132022). Gelir sonucu: 1. s\u0131n\u0131f kuru Sar\u0131lop incir i\u00e7in a\u011fa\u00e7 ba\u015f\u0131na minimum 851 TP5T pazarlanabilir meyve gereklidir. 551 TP5T'nin alt\u0131nda tozla\u015fma oran\u0131: A\u011fa\u00e7 ba\u015f\u0131na 1. s\u0131n\u0131f sertifikasyon ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olur. T\u00fcm bah\u00e7enin verimi ortalama 1 TP6T3.800 ABD dolar\u0131\/ton'dan 1 TP6T1.500 ABD dolar\u0131\/ton'a d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00c7ift ta\u015f a\u011fa\u00e7 y\u00f6netimi hedefi \u2014 neden her iki a\u011fa\u00e7 t\u00fcr\u00fc de temizlenmeli?<\/p>\n

\u00d6nceki E-serisi makalelerinin her birinde, ta\u015f y\u00f6netimi tek bir \u00fcr\u00fcne, tek bir k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesindeki tek bir bitki t\u00fcr\u00fcne hizmet etmi\u015ftir. \u0130ncir bah\u00e7eleri, iki farkl\u0131 k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesinde, iki farkl\u0131 ta\u015f hasar\u0131 mekanizmas\u0131yla iki farkl\u0131 \u00fcretim ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7an ve birlikte tek bir biyolojik sistemin ticari sonucunu belirleyen ta\u015f y\u00f6netimi gerektirir. Sadece Smyrna inciri k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesini (ostiol boyutunu iyile\u015ftirerek) ele alan, ancak kaprifig k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesini ta\u015fl\u0131 b\u0131rakan (yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 arz\u0131n\u0131 azaltan) bir temizleme i\u015flemi ticari olarak eksiktir. Sadece kaprifig k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesini (yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 arz\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirerek) ele alan, ancak Smyrna inciri k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesini ta\u015fl\u0131 b\u0131rakan (ostiol boyutunu azaltan) bir temizleme i\u015flemi de ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde eksiktir. Bir Smyrna inciri bah\u00e7esi i\u00e7in tek eksiksiz ta\u015f y\u00f6netimi program\u0131, her iki k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesini de temizleyerek hem yeterli ostiol boyutunu hem de yeterli yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 arz\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda yarat\u0131r. Bu, temizleme yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ticari amac\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 bah\u00e7edeki iki farkl\u0131 bitki t\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fczerinde planlanmas\u0131 ve uygulanmas\u0131 gereken serinin ilk makalesidir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

Kuru \u0130ncir \u015eekeri Kalitesi \u2014 Hasat Sonras\u0131 \u0130\u015fleme Kalite Zincirinin \u0130lk A\u015famas\u0131<\/h2>\n

\u0130zmir incirlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun ticari hedefi \u2013 T\u00fcrkiye'nin Sar\u0131lop \u00fcretiminin yakla\u015f\u0131k 801.500 TP\/T'si ve Kaliforniya'n\u0131n Calimyrna \u00fcretiminin 701.500 TP\/T'si \u2013 kuru meyve pazar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ncir, taze incirdeki -801 TP\/T nem oran\u0131ndan ticari kuru incir seviyesi olan -241 TP\/T'ye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in g\u00fcne\u015fte kurutulur (T\u00fcrkiye'de) veya mekanik olarak kurutulur (Kaliforniya'da). Bu kurutma i\u015fleminde, incirin \u015feker i\u00e7eri\u011fi \u2013 zaten taze a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda \u2013 ticari kaliteyi belirleyen seviyelere kadar daha da yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu nedenle, \u00e7ekirdek y\u00f6netiminin taze incirin \u015feker i\u00e7eri\u011fi \u00fczerindeki etkisi, kurutma i\u015flemiyle birlikte, taze pazarda g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyecek ancak kuru pazarda ticari olarak belirleyici hale gelen bir kalite sonucuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

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T\u00fcrkiye'nin kuru incir s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma sistemi ve \u015feker e\u015fi\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye Standartlar\u0131 Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc (TSE) taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanan TS 541 kuru incir standard\u0131, minimum \u015feker i\u00e7eri\u011fi de dahil olmak \u00fczere kalite gereksinimlerini belirtmektedir. 1. S\u0131n\u0131f (\u201cEkstra\u201d) Sar\u0131lop: Kuru a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k\u00e7a minimum 48% toplam \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr kat\u0131 madde (Brix), 100 incir ba\u015f\u0131na minimum 500 g (boyut gereksinimi). 2. S\u0131n\u0131f (\u201cSe\u00e7kin\u201d): Minimum 42% Brix, 100 incir ba\u015f\u0131na minimum 400 g. 3. S\u0131n\u0131f (\u201cStandart\u201d): Minimum 36% Brix, 400 g'\u0131n alt\u0131nda. Ayd\u0131n ve \u0130zmir paketleme tesislerinden ihracat fiyatlar\u0131: 1. S\u0131n\u0131f Ekstra 2.500\u20134.500 ABD Dolar\u0131\/ton (FOB \u0130zmir); 2. S\u0131n\u0131f 1.400\u20132.200 ABD Dolar\u0131\/ton; 3. S\u0131n\u0131f 700\u20131.400 ABD Dolar\u0131\/ton. Ton ba\u015f\u0131na hesaplanan bu fiyat farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131, T\u00fcrk kuru meyve ihracat\u0131ndaki herhangi bir kalite s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma sistemindeki en \u00f6nemli birim ba\u015f\u0131na gelir fark\u0131n\u0131 temsil etmektedir ve kritik e\u015fik, taze incirin kurutulmadan \u00f6nce, kurutulduktan sonra 48% konsantrasyon e\u015fi\u011fini a\u015facak kadar \u015feker biriktirip biriktirmedi\u011fidir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u0130ncirde \u015feker birikiminde potasyum ve magnezyum<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00f6llenmeden sonraki 6-8 haftal\u0131k olgunla\u015fma d\u00f6neminde geli\u015fmekte olan sikonyumda \u015feker birikimi, di\u011fer a\u011fa\u00e7 meyvelerinde oldu\u011fu gibi ayn\u0131 floem y\u00fckleme mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 izler: S\u00fckroz, fotosentez yapan yapraklardan floeme y\u00fcklenir ve geli\u015fmekte olan sikonyuma ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r; burada bo\u015falt\u0131l\u0131r ve i\u00e7 \u00e7i\u00e7eklerin etraf\u0131ndaki tatl\u0131 et dokusunda birikir. Bu floem y\u00fckleme ve bo\u015faltma, potasyuma (K\u207a, s\u00fckroz ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 enerjilendiren proton-potasyum senportunu y\u00f6nlendirir) ve magnezyuma (Mg\u00b2\u207a, floem y\u00fckleme ATPazlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran ATP sentezi ve s\u00fckrozu fotosentezleyen yapraklardaki klorofil fonksiyonu i\u00e7in gereklidir) ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ncir k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesinin 10-35 cm'de ta\u015fla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, olgunla\u015fma d\u00f6neminde K ve Mg al\u0131m y\u00fczey alan\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131r \u2014 hurma a\u011fac\u0131 E-28 (K) ve makadamya E-30 (Mg) i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131klanan ayn\u0131 k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesi ve ayn\u0131 mineral tedarik mekanizmas\u0131 \u2014 ancak benzersiz ticari sonucu, taze incirin Brix a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kurutma ile daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir oransal eksikli\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesidir. 15% Brix (ta\u015fla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f) ve 18% Brix (ta\u015fs\u0131z) taze incirler taze pazarda benzer g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Kurutmadan sonra: 15% Brix taze incir yakla\u015f\u0131k 42-44% Brix kurutulmu\u015f (2. S\u0131n\u0131f) \u00fcr\u00fcn verirken, 18% Brix taze incir yakla\u015f\u0131k 50-54% Brix kurutulmu\u015f (1. S\u0131n\u0131f) \u00fcr\u00fcn verir. Ta\u015f kaynakl\u0131 3 puanl\u0131k taze Brix a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131, kurutulmu\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnde kalite ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Kurutma amplifikasyon etkisi \u2014 bu seriye neden yeni eklendi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6nceki E serisi kalite zinciri makalelerinde, ta\u015f y\u00f6netiminin kalite \u00fczerindeki etkisi hasat an\u0131nda veya sonras\u0131nda hasat edilen \u00fcr\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fclebiliyordu: mango dilimlendi\u011finde j\u00f6le \u00e7ekirde\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor (E-27), li\u00e7i kabu\u011fu topland\u0131ktan 24 saat sonra kahverengile\u015fiyor (E-36), ejder meyvesinin eti hasat an\u0131nda daha soluk oluyor (E-37). Bu kalite sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc hasat an\u0131nda sabitleniyor; sonraki herhangi bir i\u015fleme ad\u0131m\u0131yla daha fazla de\u011fi\u015fmiyorlar. Kurutulmu\u015f incir ise farkl\u0131: taze incirin hasat an\u0131ndaki kalitesi, ta\u015f y\u00f6netiminin etkisinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak benzer g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor (Brix fark\u0131 g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclemeyecek kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck). Kalite sorunu, ancak kurutma i\u015flemi \u015feker i\u00e7eri\u011fini yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p, kalite e\u015fi\u011finin ge\u00e7ildi\u011fi veya ge\u00e7ilmedi\u011fi seviyeye y\u00fckselttikten SONRA ticari olarak belirleyici hale geliyor. Bu nedenle kurutma i\u015flemi, ta\u015f y\u00f6netimi yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ticari de\u011ferinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktad\u0131r; bu da kurutulmu\u015f inciri, kalite belirleyicisinin hasat durumu veya hasat sonras\u0131 bozulma yerine hasat sonras\u0131 bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm oldu\u011fu ilk E serisi \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7 Pazar \u2014 T\u00fcrkiye, Kaliforniya ve \u0130ran<\/h2>\n

\"PSW-3200<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\ud83c\uddf9\ud83c\uddf7 T\u00fcrkiye \u2014 Ayd\u0131n \u0130li (S\u00f6ke, Nazilli), \u0130zmir \u0130li (Buca, Torbal\u0131)<\/span>
\n70% d\u00fcnya kuru inciri \u2014 Sar\u0131lop \u0130zmir'in kalbi<\/span><\/div>\n
T\u00fcrkiye'nin Ayd\u0131n ili, B\u00fcy\u00fck Menderes Nehri'nin (antik Maeander) a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 vadisinde yer almakta olup, Sar\u0131lop kuru inciri \u00fcretiminin d\u00fcnya merkezidir. Antik \u0130zmir kenti, \u0130zmir incirine ticari ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. Jeoloji: Tersiyer kire\u00e7li marn ve Mezozoik kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerinde Menderes Nehri sisteminden gelen Kuvaterner al\u00fcvyal birikintiler. Al\u00fcvyal b\u00f6lge (d\u00fcz vadi taban\u0131): 12-28 cm derinlikte kire\u00e7li al\u00fcvyal \u00e7ak\u0131llar ve yuvarlak kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131llar\u0131 (Mohs 3-4). Teras b\u00f6lgesi (hafif y\u00fckseltilmi\u015f, daha eski al\u00fcvyaller): 8-22 cm derinlikte daha yo\u011fun kire\u00e7li ta\u015f. B\u00fcy\u00fck Menderes vadisi al\u00fcvyal kire\u00e7li ta\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in 22-32 cm'de THOR 2.4. Kalsiyum karbonat ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131: y\u00fcksek kalsiyumlu toprak (kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmesinden kaynaklanan) hem faydal\u0131 (incir geli\u015fimi i\u00e7in yeterli Ca) hem de k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 (fazla Ca'dan kaynaklanan y\u00fcksek pH, Mg'yi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmeyen Mg(OH)\u2082 formunda kilitleyebilir) olabilir \u2014 temizleme arg\u00fcman\u0131, toprak pH y\u00f6netimine olumlu katk\u0131da bulunan ince kire\u00e7li tozu korurken fiziksel ta\u015f k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. CT-2100, kire\u00e7li ince matrisi korurken ta\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 toplar (Alphonso mango E-27 ve Musang King durian E-33 ile ayn\u0131 prensip). T\u00fcrkiye Tar\u0131m Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve Politika Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc'n\u00fcn (TAGEM) aktif \u0130zmir\/Ayd\u0131n incir ara\u015ft\u0131rma istasyonlar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r \u2014 mevcut uygun ekipman programlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130zmir Tar\u0131m Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ile teyit edin.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf8 ABD \u2014 Fresno \u0130l\u00e7esi, Madera \u0130l\u00e7esi (San Joaquin Vadisi, Kaliforniya)<\/span>
\nCalimyrna premium + Mission volume<\/span><\/div>\n
Kaliforniya'n\u0131n San Joaquin Vadisi, ABD'nin en \u00f6nemli kuru incir mahsul\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcretmektedir: Premium kuru incir pazar\u0131 i\u00e7in Calimyrna (Smyrna tipi, yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 tozla\u015fmas\u0131 gerektiren) ve standart pazar i\u00e7in Mission (Yayg\u0131n incir, partenokarpik). Fresno ve Madera il\u00e7eleri ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u00fcretim b\u00f6lgeleridir. Jeoloji: Sierra Nevada'dan gelen Kuvaterner al\u00fcvyal yelpazeler, 15-35 cm derinlikte kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131\/kire\u00e7li \u00e7ak\u0131l ve granit k\u0131r\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7eren alkali kire\u00e7li-silisli topraklar olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. San Joaquin Vadisi kire\u00e7li sert tabakas\u0131 (kali\u015f A\u015famas\u0131 I-II), badem E-21 ve ceviz E-15 i\u00e7in tan\u0131mlanan ayn\u0131 olu\u015fumdur; ancak incir i\u00e7in temizleme derinli\u011fi spesifikasyonu daha s\u0131\u011fd\u0131r (22-30 cm), \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc incirin birincil besleyici k\u00f6kleri badem veya cevizden daha s\u0131\u011f bir b\u00f6lgede \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. San Joaquin kire\u00e7li al\u00fcvyal i\u00e7in 22-32 cm'de THOR 2.4. Kaliforniya'da yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 arz\u0131 arg\u00fcman\u0131 ge\u00e7erlidir: Calimyrna incir bah\u00e7eleri, y\u0131ll\u0131k kaprifig (Kaliforniya'da: \"kaprifig\" a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131, \"kaprifikasyon istasyonlar\u0131\" ad\u0131 verilen bah\u00e7e k\u00fcmelerinde tutulur) gerektirir ve Haziran ay\u0131nda Calimyrna a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131na taze kaprifig dallar\u0131 as\u0131l\u0131r. Ta\u015fla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kaprifig a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131, as\u0131lacak daha az profichi dal\u0131 \u00fcretir; bu da kaprifikasyon zaman\u0131nda yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 arz\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131r. USDA NRCS Kaliforniya EQIP program\u0131, y\u00fcksek de\u011ferli incir bah\u00e7esi olu\u015fturma faaliyetlerini i\u00e7erebilir; Fresno County NRCS Hizmet Merkezi ile teyit edin.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\ud83c\uddee\ud83c\uddf7 \u0130ran \u2014 Estahban (Fars Eyaleti), Yezd, Golestan, Kirman\u015fah<\/span>
\nD\u00fcnyan\u0131n #3'\u00fc \u2014 yar\u0131 kurak b\u00f6lge \u00e7e\u015fitleri + ihracat<\/span><\/div>\n
\u0130ran'\u0131n Estahban B\u00f6lgesi (Fars Eyaleti), d\u00fcnyan\u0131n tarihsel olarak en \u00f6nemli incir yeti\u015ftirme alanlar\u0131ndan biridir ve yar\u0131 kurak, ya\u011fmurla beslenen ve minimum sulama gerektiren ko\u015fullarda yeti\u015ftirilen Sabz (ye\u015fil) ve Siah (siyah) \u00e7e\u015fitlerini \u00fcretmektedir. Estahban jeolojisi: Kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 ana materyali \u00fczerinde Tersiyer-Kuvaterner kire\u00e7li ve jipsli topraklar (Mohs 3\u20134 kire\u00e7li ta\u015f + 12\u201325 cm'de Mohs 2\u20133 jips). \u0130ran'daki f\u0131st\u0131k (E-22) ve safran (E-23) ile ayn\u0131 jips-kire\u00e7 profiline sahiptir \u2014 ayn\u0131 jips yeniden \u00e7imentolama endi\u015fesi ge\u00e7erlidir: Jips reddini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in CT-2100 toplama i\u015flemi THOR temizli\u011finden sonra 48\u201372 saat i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Estahban kire\u00e7li-jipsli ta\u015f i\u00e7in 20\u201330 cm'de THOR 2.4. \u0130ran'\u0131n kuru incir \u00fcretimi \u00f6ncelikle ihracata (BAE, Avrupa) y\u00f6neliktir, ancak i\u00e7 t\u00fcketim de \u00f6nemlidir. Yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 tozla\u015fmas\u0131 durumu: Estahban'\u0131n geleneksel incir yeti\u015ftiricili\u011finde yerel yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r, ancak yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015fla tozla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 tarihsel olarak ihmal edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130ran Tar\u0131m Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (MAJ) ve Tar\u0131m Ara\u015ft\u0131rma, E\u011fitim ve Yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu (AREEO) aktif incir ara\u015ft\u0131rma programlar\u0131na sahiptir - mevcut destek uygunlu\u011funu AREEO'nun Bah\u00e7e Bitkileri Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ile teyit edin.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

Makine Sistemi \u2014 Smyrna ve Caprifig \u00c7ift B\u00f6lge Protokol\u00fc<\/h2>\n
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1<\/div>\n
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THOR 2.4<\/a> \u2014 \u00c7\u0130FT B\u00d6LGE: \u0130zmir inciri s\u0131ralar\u0131 VE kaprifig pozisyonlar\u0131, 22\u201332 cm<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130NC\u0130R \u00d6ZELL\u0130\u011e\u0130: Temizleme i\u015flemi hem \u0130zmir inciri hem de kaprifig k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgelerini kapsamal\u0131d\u0131r \u2014 ayn\u0131 bah\u00e7ede iki farkl\u0131 bitki t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ticari a\u00e7\u0131dan ge\u00e7erli olabilmesi i\u00e7in temizlenmesi gereken ilk E serisi \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. THOR i\u015fleminden \u00f6nce kaprifig a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n konumlar\u0131n\u0131 haritaland\u0131r\u0131n ve bu konumlar\u0131n ticari incir s\u0131ralar\u0131yla ayn\u0131 temizleme i\u015flemine tabi tutuldu\u011fundan emin olun. T\u00fcrkiye al\u00fcvyal kire\u00e7li (Mohs 3\u20134): 22\u201332 cm'de THOR 2.4. \u0130ran jipsli-kire\u00e7li: 20\u201328 cm'de THOR 2.4 (ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn CT-2100 zorunludur). Kaliforniya San Joaquin kire\u00e7li: 22\u201332 cm'de THOR 2.4 (daha s\u0131\u011f derinlikte badem E-21 ile ayn\u0131 \u00f6zellik). Not: Yerle\u015fik incir bah\u00e7elerinde THOR 3.0 KULLANMAYIN \u2014 incir kaz\u0131k k\u00f6kleri, THOR 3.0'\u0131n ele alaca\u011f\u0131 30\u201350 cm'lik b\u00f6lgeden ge\u00e7erek 3\u20134 m derinli\u011fe kadar uzanabilir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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2<\/div>\n
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CT-2100 ta\u015f toplay\u0131c\u0131<\/a> \u2014 kire\u00e7li alanlarda se\u00e7ici, granit\/silisli alanlarda tam verim.<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye ve Kaliforniya kire\u00e7li topraklar: CT-2100 se\u00e7ici protokol\u00fc (E-27 Alphonso mango, E-33 Musang King durian ile ayn\u0131) \u2014 4 cm'den b\u00fcy\u00fck ta\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131 toplay\u0131n; ince kire\u00e7li matrisin kalmas\u0131na izin verin (pH avantaj\u0131 sa\u011flar, k\u00f6kleri k\u0131s\u0131tlamaz). \u0130ran jipsli-kire\u00e7li topraklar: TAM toplama, ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn zorunlu (E-22 f\u0131st\u0131k a\u011fac\u0131ndan jips yeniden \u00e7imentolama protokol\u00fc). CT-2100'den sonra: toprakta kalan ince kire\u00e7li malzemenin pH takibi gerekebilir \u2014 temizlemeden sonra toprak pH'\u0131 7,8'i a\u015farsa, ekimden \u00f6nce pH'\u0131 6,5-7,5'e (fili\u00e7 optimal aral\u0131\u011f\u0131) getirmek i\u00e7in k\u00fck\u00fcrt uygulamas\u0131 yap\u0131n. BlackBird kaya t\u0131rm\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a> T\u00fcrkiye'de (Sar\u0131lop genellikle meyvelerin do\u011fal olarak d\u00f6k\u00fclmesinden sonra bah\u00e7e zemininde g\u00fcne\u015fte kurutulur) hasattan \u00f6nce yap\u0131lan y\u00fczey temizli\u011fi, ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00fcne\u015fte kurutma \u00f6ncesi zemin haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015flemi olarak da i\u015flev g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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3<\/div>\n
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PSW-3200 rotavat\u00f6r<\/a> \u2014 \u015eeker birikimi i\u00e7in K\/Mg tutulumu<\/strong><\/p>\n

1000 RPM'de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan PSW-3200, ince toprakl\u0131 ekim b\u00f6lgesi olu\u015fturur. Organik madde ilavesi (30\u201345 t\/ha incir yapra\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc kompostu + saman), incir k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesinde K ve Mg tutulumunu iyile\u015ftirir; bu mineraller, 1. s\u0131n\u0131f kuru incir kalitesini belirleyen \u015feker birikimini sa\u011flar. T\u00fcrkiye'deki al\u00fcvyal topraklarda: PSW-3200 ayr\u0131ca tekrarlanan hasat ve ekimden kaynaklanan do\u011fal toprak s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 da giderir; incir uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00e7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k bir bitkidir (50\u2013100 y\u0131l verimli \u00f6m\u00fcr) ve 0\u201320 cm b\u00f6lgesindeki s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma, temizleme d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri aras\u0131nda k\u00f6k eri\u015fimini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalt\u0131r. 3 y\u0131ll\u0131k aral\u0131klarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan PSW-3200, tam THOR yeniden temizleme i\u015flemine gerek kalmadan toprak kalitesini korur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u21bb<\/div>\n
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Y\u0131ll\u0131k: BlackBird \u2014 g\u00fcne\u015fte kurutma i\u00e7in hasat \u00f6ncesi zemin temizli\u011fi ve yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 izleme<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hasat mevsiminden \u00f6nce (T\u00fcrkiye: A\u011fustos-Eyl\u00fcl; Kaliforniya: A\u011fustos; \u0130ran: Eyl\u00fcl-Ekim): BlackBird y\u00fczey temizleme i\u015flemi, bah\u00e7e zemininden kire\u00e7li ve silisli ta\u015flar\u0131 temizler. T\u00fcrkiye'de: bu i\u015flem ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00fcne\u015fte kurutma y\u00fczeyini de haz\u0131rlar (geleneksel olarak bah\u00e7e zemini, yere d\u00fc\u015fen incirlerin g\u00fcne\u015fte kurutulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r). Ta\u015fs\u0131z zemin = kurutulmu\u015f incir partilerinde ta\u015f bula\u015fmas\u0131 olmaz (paketleme tesisi denetiminde kalite cezas\u0131). BlackBird temizleme i\u015fleminin y\u0131ll\u0131k tekrarlayan faydas\u0131: a\u011fa\u00e7 tabanlar\u0131 etraf\u0131ndaki k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesinin ta\u015fs\u0131z kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, kurutulmu\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnde ta\u015f bula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6nler.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n
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\n\u0130ncir \u00e7iftli\u011fi i\u00e7in ta\u015f k\u0131rma makinesi \u2014 ostiol-yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 arg\u00fcman\u0131 t\u00fcm ticari incir \u00e7e\u015fitleri i\u00e7in mi ge\u00e7erli, yoksa sadece \u0130zmir incirleri i\u00e7in mi? Mission ve Brown Turkey gibi yayg\u0131n incir \u00e7e\u015fitlerinin ta\u015f temizli\u011fine ihtiyac\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 nedenleri mi var?<\/summary>\n

Ostiol-yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 arg\u00fcman\u0131, \u00f6zellikle Blastophaga psenes tozla\u015fmas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyan \u0130zmir inciri grubu (T\u00fcrkiye'de Sar\u0131lop, Kaliforniya'da Calimyrna) ve ilgili \u00e7e\u015fitler i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir. Yayg\u0131n incirler (Mission, Brown Turkey, Brown Turkey, Celeste, Kadota) partenokarpiktir - ticari olarak herhangi bir tozla\u015fma olmadan geli\u015firler ve ostiol boyutu meyve geli\u015fimleri i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli de\u011fildir. Bununla birlikte, Yayg\u0131n incirler farkl\u0131 nedenlerle \u00e7ekirdek temizleme gerektirir: (1) Kurutulmu\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnde \u015feker birikimi i\u00e7in k\u00f6k mineral eri\u015fimi - kurutulmu\u015f incir \u015feker derecesi arg\u00fcman\u0131 (B\u00f6l\u00fcm 3), Yayg\u0131n incir kurutma i\u015flemlerine de e\u015fit derecede uygulan\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Mission incirleri Kaliforniya'da 60-70\u00b0C kurutma tesisi s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kurutulur ve hasattaki Brix de\u011ferleri, USDA No. 1 derecesini (Mission kurutulmu\u015f i\u00e7in \u226556% Brix kuru a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k) kar\u015f\u0131lay\u0131p kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 veya B s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u015fleme derecesine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmeyeceklerini belirler. Mission incir k\u00f6klerinin \u00e7ekirdek k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131 K\/Mg al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131r \u2192 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck taze Brix \u2192 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kurutulmu\u015f derece. (2) Taze Pazar Yayg\u0131n \u0130ncir: Yayg\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitlerden elde edilen taze pazar incirleri (kurutulmam\u0131\u015f), Avrupa ve Japonya taze pazarlar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck, dolgun, koyu kabuklu, aromatik meyveleri nedeniyle y\u00fcksek fiyatlarla sat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7ekirdek k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131, incir boyutunu ve \u015feker birikimini Smyrna'da oldu\u011fu gibi ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde azalt\u0131r, ancak tozla\u015fma arg\u00fcman\u0131 \u00f6nemsizdir. THOR\/CT-2100\/PSW-3200 protokol\u00fc, Yayg\u0131n incir ve Smyrna inciri haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ayn\u0131d\u0131r; yaln\u0131zca ticari sonu\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\nKaliforniya'da halihaz\u0131rda yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, kaprifig yaban ar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgelerini temizlemek yerine, yapay kaprifiyonizasyon (Smyrna a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131na taze kaprifig dallar\u0131 asmak) yoluyla kaprifig yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 arz\u0131 sorunu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir mi?<\/summary>\n

Kaliforniya'n\u0131n ticari Calimyrna \u00fcretimi, yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 arz\u0131 sorununu k\u0131smen ele alan yapay bir kaprifikasyon uygulamas\u0131 kullanmaktad\u0131r: Profichi (yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan kaprifig meyveleri) ta\u015f\u0131yan taze kaprifig dallar\u0131, kaprifig a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131ndan kesilir ve \u00fcreme d\u00f6neminde Calimyrna a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131na as\u0131l\u0131r. Bu uygulama, yaban ar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kaprifig dallar\u0131n\u0131n geldi\u011fi yerden (ki bu, ba\u015fka bir yerde iyi bak\u0131ml\u0131, ta\u015fs\u0131z bir kaprifig bah\u00e7esi olabilir) Calimyrna bah\u00e7esine ta\u015f\u0131r. E\u011fer kaprifig dallar\u0131 ta\u015fs\u0131z, iyi beslenmi\u015f bir kaprifig kayna\u011f\u0131ndan geliyorsa, ikili zarar\u0131n yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 arz\u0131 taraf\u0131 ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olur. Bu ba\u011flamda, Kaliforniya Calimyrna i\u00e7in birincil ta\u015f arg\u00fcman\u0131, Smyrna inciri ostiole taraf\u0131 (B\u00f6l\u00fcm 1) ve kurutulmu\u015f incir \u015feker kalitesi arg\u00fcman\u0131d\u0131r (B\u00f6l\u00fcm 3), yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 arz\u0131 arg\u00fcman\u0131 ise dal ithalat\u0131 uygulamas\u0131yla ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye'nin \u0130zmir ve Ayd\u0131n geleneksel incir bah\u00e7elerinde, kaprifig a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 bah\u00e7eye kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak dikilir (dal olarak ithal edilmez) - bu da bah\u00e7e i\u00e7i kaprifig ta\u015f\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131n\u0131n, kal\u0131c\u0131 bah\u00e7e yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 arz\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. T\u00fcrkiye'de, dal ithalat\u0131 ile hafifletme olmaks\u0131z\u0131n, \u00e7ifte zarar arg\u00fcman\u0131n\u0131n her iki taraf\u0131 da ge\u00e7erlidir. Bu nedenle, T\u00fcrk bah\u00e7eleri i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan temizleme yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, dal kaprifiasyonu kullanan Kaliforniya i\u015fletmelerine g\u00f6re daha kapsaml\u0131 bir \u00e7ifte arg\u00fcman\u0131 ele almaktad\u0131r. Dal kaprifiasyonu kullanan i\u015fletmeciler, ostiol boyutu ve kuru \u015feker kalitesi avantajlar\u0131 i\u00e7in yine de \u0130zmir inciri k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgelerini temizlemelidir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\nKurutulmu\u015f incir \u015fekerinin kalitesiyle ilgili tart\u0131\u015fmada, kurutma y\u00f6nteminin (T\u00fcrkiye'deki g\u00fcne\u015fte kurutma ile Kaliforniya'daki cebri hava ile kurutma) ta\u015f kaynakl\u0131 taze Brix a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kalite ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ne kadar etki etti\u011fini sorgulamak gerekir.<\/summary>\n

Kurutma y\u00f6ntemi, nihai nem i\u00e7eri\u011fini ve \u015feker konsantrasyonunu etkiler, ancak taze ve kurutulmu\u015f \u015feker aras\u0131ndaki oransal konsantrasyon oran\u0131n\u0131 etkilemez. \u0130ncir ister g\u00fcne\u015fte kurutulsun (T\u00fcrkiye, 10-14 g\u00fcn, 16-20% nem) ister bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava ile kurutulsun (Kaliforniya, 60-70\u00b0C, 12-18 saat, 18-24% nem), konsantrasyon fakt\u00f6r\u00fc yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak ayn\u0131d\u0131r; su i\u00e7eri\u011fi taze halde 75-80%'den kurutulmu\u015f halde 16-24%'ye d\u00fc\u015fer ve orijinal taze \u015fekerin 3-4 kat\u0131 konsantrasyonunu sa\u011flar. 14% Brix'lik bir T\u00fcrk Sar\u0131lop inciri, kurutulmu\u015f halde yakla\u015f\u0131k 42-45% Brix'e (2. S\u0131n\u0131f) konsantre olur. 16% Brix'lik bir Kaliforniya Calimyrna inciri ise kurutulmu\u015f halde yakla\u015f\u0131k 48-52% Brix'e (1. S\u0131n\u0131f) konsantre olur. G\u00fcne\u015fte kurutma ve cebri hava ile kurutma aras\u0131ndaki ta\u015f kontrol\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik fark \u015fudur: Bah\u00e7e zemininde g\u00fcne\u015fte kurutma (geleneksel T\u00fcrk uygulamas\u0131), kurutulan inciri bah\u00e7e zemininden ta\u015f bula\u015fmas\u0131na maruz b\u0131rak\u0131r. Kurutulan incirin \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015fen veya i\u00e7ine g\u00f6m\u00fclen ta\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131 (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131llar\u0131 bile), paketleme tesisinde ay\u0131klama gerektiren fiziksel bir bula\u015fmaya neden olur ve \u015feker i\u00e7eri\u011finden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak ta\u015f varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle 1. s\u0131n\u0131f kalite d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu nedenle, BlackBird'\u00fcn y\u0131ll\u0131k hasat \u00f6ncesi y\u00fczey ge\u00e7i\u015fi (bah\u00e7e zeminini temizler), hem \u015feker kalitesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc (dolayl\u0131 olarak k\u00f6k mineral eri\u015fimi yoluyla) hem de kurutulmu\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcndeki fiziksel ta\u015f bula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 (do\u011frudan zemin y\u00fczey haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoluyla) \u00f6nler; bu, tek bir y\u00f6netim uygulamas\u0131ndan elde edilen nadir bir \u00e7ift faydad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\nK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli T\u00fcrk \u00e7ift\u00e7i i\u015fletmeleri ile b\u00fcy\u00fck Kaliforniya ticari \u00e7iftlikleri aras\u0131nda incir \u00e7ekirde\u011fi y\u00f6netimi yat\u0131r\u0131m getirisi (ROI) nas\u0131l kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r?<\/summary>\n

Yat\u0131r\u0131m getirisi (ROI) hesaplamas\u0131, farkl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ek ve pazar yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tacak \u015fekilde bu iki ba\u011flam aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermektedir. T\u00fcrk k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00e7ift\u00e7i (2 ha, 200 Sar\u0131lop a\u011fac\u0131 + 25 kaprifig a\u011fac\u0131, tipik \u0130zmir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00e7ift\u00e7isi): Arazi temizleme yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 (Smyrna b\u00f6lgesi + kaprifig b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7in THOR 2.4 + CT-2100 + PSW-3200): yakla\u015f\u0131k 45.000\u201375.000 TL (1.400\u20132.300 ABD Dolar\u0131). Tozla\u015fma iyile\u015ftirmesi (Ege \u00dcniversitesi verilerine g\u00f6re 52%'den 82%'ye tozla\u015fma ba\u015far\u0131 oran\u0131): 200 a\u011fa\u00e7 \u00d7 50 kg\/a\u011fa\u00e7\/y\u0131l kurutulmu\u015f \u00d7 30% ilave tozla\u015fma ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 \u00d7 3,00 ABD Dolar\u0131\/kg 1. S\u0131n\u0131f = 9.000 ABD Dolar\u0131 ilave y\u0131ll\u0131k gelir. Kurutulmu\u015f kalite iyile\u015ftirmesi (40% \u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7in 1. S\u0131n\u0131f ile 2. S\u0131n\u0131f aras\u0131nda): 200 \u00d7 50 \u00d7 0,40 \u00d7 (US$3,50 \u2013 US$1,70)\/kg = 7.200 ABD Dolar\u0131 ek y\u0131ll\u0131k gelir. Toplam y\u0131ll\u0131k fayda: yakla\u015f\u0131k 16.200 ABD Dolar\u0131. 1.400\u20132.300 ABD Dolar\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131ma kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k: ilk hasat sezonundan itibaren 1-2 ay i\u00e7inde geri \u00f6deme. Kaliforniya ticari (40 ha, 4.000 Calimyrna a\u011fac\u0131 + y\u0131ll\u0131k dal kaplamas\u0131): Yat\u0131r\u0131m (THOR 2.4 + CT-2100 + PSW-3200): 40 ha i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 50.000\u201375.000 ABD Dolar\u0131 (\u00f6l\u00e7ekte hektar ba\u015f\u0131na daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyet). Birincil fayda: kurutulmu\u015f Calimyrna kalite iyile\u015ftirmesi (USDA No.1 ile USDA No.2 aras\u0131nda). 4.000 a\u011fa\u00e7 \u00d7 40 kg\/a\u011fa\u00e7\/y\u0131l kurutulmu\u015f \u00d7 25% kalite iyile\u015ftirmesi \u00d7 US$0,80\/kg kalite fark\u0131 = US$32.000\/y\u0131l ek gelir. Ayr\u0131ca, bah\u00e7edeki kaprifig a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in (varsa) tozla\u015fma iyile\u015ftirme faydas\u0131. Geri \u00f6deme: 2 sezon i\u00e7inde. 20 y\u0131ll\u0131k Net Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc De\u011fer (NPV): US$350.000\u2013420.000. Yat\u0131r\u0131m Getirisi (ROI): 4,7:1 ila 8,4:1.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\n\u0130ncir \u00e7ekirde\u011fi y\u00f6netimi arg\u00fcman\u0131, yaban ar\u0131s\u0131-incir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ili\u015fkisinin iklime duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla -\u00f6zellikle hem yaban ar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f zamanlamas\u0131n\u0131 hem de incirin d\u00f6llenmeye haz\u0131r hale gelme zamanlamas\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen s\u0131cakl\u0131k gereksinimleriyle- nas\u0131l ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r?<\/summary>\n

Yaban ar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kaprifig meyvelerinden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f zaman\u0131 ve \u0130zmir incirinin d\u00f6llenmeye haz\u0131r hale gelme zaman\u0131, tozla\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in dar bir zaman aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmelidir; her iki olay da s\u0131cakl\u0131k e\u015fiklerine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Yaban ar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n profichi'den (ilk kaprifig hasad\u0131) \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131: yakla\u015f\u0131k 25-30\u00b0C, 2-3 hafta boyunca sabit kal\u0131r. \u0130zmir incirinin d\u00f6llenmeye haz\u0131r hale gelme zaman\u0131: tipik olarak ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 25-32\u00b0C oldu\u011funda ve incir nihai boyutunun -80'ine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda. \u00c7ekirdek y\u00f6netiminin s\u0131cakl\u0131k senkronizasyonundaki rol\u00fc: \u00e7ekirdek k\u0131s\u0131tlamal\u0131 incir a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 daha yava\u015f geli\u015fir (mineral k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 fotosentez azal\u0131r) ve ayn\u0131 bah\u00e7edeki \u00e7ekirdeksiz a\u011fa\u00e7lara g\u00f6re d\u00f6llenmeye haz\u0131r hale gelme zaman\u0131na 7-14 g\u00fcn sonra ula\u015f\u0131r. Bu gecikme tipik olarak yazl\u0131k kaprifig (mamme) mahsul\u00fcnden gelen yaban ar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n mevcut oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nem i\u00e7indedir; ancak yaban ar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131\u011f\u0131, gecikmesiz al\u0131c\u0131 a\u015faman\u0131n zirvesiyle s\u0131k\u0131 bir \u015fekilde \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyorsa, ta\u015fla geciktirilmi\u015f incirler, yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 aktivitesinin zirve penceresinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalabilir ve ayn\u0131 bah\u00e7edeki gecikmesiz a\u011fa\u00e7lara g\u00f6re daha az yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 ziyareti alabilir. Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131k-zamanlama arg\u00fcman\u0131 incire \u00f6zg\u00fcd\u00fcr ve li\u00e7i i\u00e7in tan\u0131mlanan so\u011fuklama saati tersine \u00e7evrilmesiyle (E-36) ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r; her ikisi de ta\u015f y\u00f6netiminin, d\u0131\u015fsal s\u0131cakl\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 bir tetikleyiciye g\u00f6re biyolojik bir olay\u0131n zamanlamas\u0131n\u0131 etkilemesini i\u00e7erir. \u0130ncir durumunda, endi\u015fe li\u00e7ininkinin tam tersidir: ta\u015f k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131, al\u0131c\u0131 a\u015famay\u0131 yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f penceresine g\u00f6re GEC\u0130KT\u0130R\u0130R (oysa li\u00e7i i\u00e7in ta\u015f, \u00e7i\u00e7eklenme tetikleyicisine ula\u015fmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan daha fazla so\u011fuklama saati sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r). Net sonu\u00e7 ayn\u0131d\u0131r - ta\u015f y\u00f6netimi, ticari verimi azaltan biyolojik kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ili\u015fkide bir zamanlama uyumsuzlu\u011fu yarat\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

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\u0130ncir \u00c7iftli\u011fi \u0130\u00e7in Kaya K\u0131rma Makinesi \u2014 Ostiole, Caprifig ve Kurutulmu\u015f S\u0131n\u0131f Protokol\u00fc<\/p>\n

\u0130ncir \u00e7e\u015fidi (Smyrna\/Ortak) + \u00e7ekirdek tipi (kire\u00e7li\/jipsli\/granit) + bah\u00e7e tipi (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli\/ticari) + kaprifig varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 + kurutulmu\u015f kalite hedefi \u2192 Korea Watanabe do\u011fru \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc sunmaktad\u0131r. incir \u00e7iftli\u011fi i\u00e7in kaya k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131<\/a> \u00c7ift b\u00f6lgeli Smyrna + kaprifig spesifikasyonu, ostiyol iyile\u015ftirme program\u0131 ve kurutulmu\u015f kalite yat\u0131r\u0131m getirisi hesaplamas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kore Watanabe Rock Crusher Tractor Co., Ltd. \u2014 Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u0130ncir \u00c7iftli\u011fi \u00d6zelliklerini \u00d6\u011frenin<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Edit\u00f6r: Cxm<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130NC\u0130R \u00c7\u0130FTL\u0130\u011e\u0130 UYGULAMASI \u0130ncir \u00c7iftli\u011fi \u0130\u00e7in Kaya K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u2014 T\u00fcrkiye, Kaliforniya ve \u0130ran K\u0131lavuzu \u0130ncir yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 ostiyolden girer. Ta\u015f k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131, i\u00e7eri girmeden \u00f6nce kap\u0131y\u0131 kapat\u0131r ve d\u00f6llenemeyen bir incir asla sat\u0131lmaya de\u011fer bir incir haline gelmez. 1,5 mm Yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 eri\u015fim e\u015fi\u011fi \u226548% \u015eeker \u2014 S\u0131n\u0131f [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1068","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-application-and-technical-guid"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1068","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1068"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1068\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1072,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1068\/revisions\/1072"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1068"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1068"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rock-crusher-tractor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1068"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}